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Pyruvate Oxidation Video Lecture | Biology for JAMB
FAQs on Pyruvate Oxidation Video Lecture - Biology for JAMB
| 1. What is pyruvate oxidation? |  |
Ans. Pyruvate oxidation is a metabolic pathway that occurs in the mitochondria of cells. It is the process by which pyruvate, a product of glycolysis, is converted into acetyl-CoA, releasing carbon dioxide and generating NADH in the process. Acetyl-CoA then enters the citric acid cycle for further energy production.
| 2. How does pyruvate oxidation contribute to energy production? | |
Ans. Pyruvate oxidation plays a crucial role in energy production. During pyruvate oxidation, acetyl-CoA is produced, which enters the citric acid cycle. In the citric acid cycle, acetyl-CoA undergoes further reactions, leading to the production of high-energy molecules such as NADH and FADH2. These molecules are then used in the electron transport chain to generate ATP, the primary energy currency of cells.
| 3. What is the significance of pyruvate oxidation in aerobic respiration? | |
Ans. Pyruvate oxidation is a vital step in aerobic respiration, the process by which cells generate energy in the presence of oxygen. Without pyruvate oxidation, pyruvate would accumulate and glycolysis, the initial step of glucose breakdown, would halt. By converting pyruvate into acetyl-CoA, pyruvate oxidation allows for the efficient utilization of glucose and the subsequent production of ATP through the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.
| 4. Are there any regulatory mechanisms that control pyruvate oxidation? | |
Ans. Yes, pyruvate oxidation is tightly regulated to ensure proper energy metabolism in cells. One of the main regulatory mechanisms involves the enzyme pyruvate dehydrogenase, which catalyzes the conversion of pyruvate to acetyl-CoA. Pyruvate dehydrogenase is regulated by various factors, including product inhibition, phosphorylation, and allosteric regulation. These mechanisms help control the flux of pyruvate and maintain metabolic balance.
| 5. Can pyruvate oxidation occur in the absence of oxygen? | |
Ans. No, pyruvate oxidation is an aerobic process that requires the presence of oxygen. In the absence of oxygen, pyruvate can be converted into other metabolites through fermentation pathways, such as lactic acid fermentation in muscle cells or ethanol fermentation in yeast. However, these pathways do not involve the complete oxidation of pyruvate and do not generate as much ATP as aerobic respiration.
Text Transcript from Video
hello friends this video on respiration
in plants part nine is brought to you by
exam calm no more fear from exam so let
us look at the next step that is
pyruvate oxidation now pyruvate and
pyruvate acid they are the same thing so
pyruvate is basically nothing but the
product which was born as a result of
glycolysis so this pyruvate will get
oxidized in this tape so how is it
getting oxidized let us have a quick
look so this occurs in the matrix of
mitochondria now to be more precise when
you talk about mitochondria this is the
outer membrane of mitochondria this is a
double membrane structure this is that
inner membrane the forelady membrane is
that inner membrane and the space
between the two membranes since that
inter membrane space so this is inter
membrane space and this fluid like
structure inside the inner membrane that
is the matrix so this is matrix clear so
now this process of pyruvate oxidation
will take place inside the matrix so
here oxidative decarboxylation will
occur
oxidative that means oxidation will also
take place at the same time
decarboxylation
what does decarboxylation removal of
carbon dioxide is what decarboxylation
so the enzyme which is involved in this
step is pyruvate dehydrogenase nobody
hydrogen is again whenever dehydrogenase
is there it will cause
oxidation and the products which are
formed as a result of this step is
acetyl coenzyme a carbon dioxide and
NADH so these are the products which
will be formed as a result of this step
now let's see exactly what happens so
this is pyruvate
acid so Byron think acid is a 3-carbon
compose ETH for all tree so it is a
three carbon compound
now this pyruvic acid is acted upon by
many enzymes not only pyruvate
dehydrogenase
it is also acted upon kind of coenzyme d
and nad+
which acts as the oxidizing agent and
this results in the formation of acetone
coins on you a so basically what happens
is the acetyl group of the carboxylic
acid will join with coenzyme e since
decarboxylation will happen so carbon
dioxide will be released so one carbon
is removed from pyruvate acid so it is
sure that now we will be left with a two
carbon compound so what does that new
carbon compound the remaining of pyruvic
acid will combine with a enzyme a to
form acid i o enzyme e plus carbon
dioxide plus this nad plus will take up
the electrons to form NADH + H+ right so
this 3 carbon compound for got converted
into a new carbon compound and carbon
dioxide and this carbon dioxide which is
formed in this step is the one which we
exam like in case of human beings we
exhale carbon dioxide right so that
carbon dioxide is actually formed during
this step and the acetyl coenzyme a is
the main product of the step and this
acetyl coenzyme a will enter into the
next step that is Krebs cycle so this
will get into the Krebs cycle and this
co2 is the one which is exhaled and this
NADH in being energy rich molecules they
will be utilized for ATP synthesis so
now you can talk about the final
conclusion of the pyruvate oxidation so
what exactly
all in this step here in this case as a
kind boy enzyme E is formed and led H is
also formed now since we had two
molecules of pyruvic acid so this step
is for one molecule of pyruvic acid
since we had two molecules of pyruvic
acid therefore this step will repeat it
repeat it for two times so the result
will be to acetyl coenzyme a will
perform two molecules of acetyl coenzyme
a and two molecules of NADH will be
formed so this would be the final
product
now I'm not considering so you do
because CO 2 will be XL but these will
be utilized in the later steps of
respiration right so now if you see in
one thing when we started our discussion
on respiration we started with glucose
which was a six carbon compound but now
we have arrived at a compound that's a
typo enzyme a which is a two carbon
compound so you see gradually the
glucose is getting oxidized right and
you will see that in the later steps
this two carbon compound will gradually
get decarboxylated multiple number of
times and finally it will give only co2
thank you please visit www.payoor.com to
watch more videos attempt free online
test
get free study material find tutors and
mentors thank you once again
in plants part nine is brought to you by
exam calm no more fear from exam so let
us look at the next step that is
pyruvate oxidation now pyruvate and
pyruvate acid they are the same thing so
pyruvate is basically nothing but the
product which was born as a result of
glycolysis so this pyruvate will get
oxidized in this tape so how is it
getting oxidized let us have a quick
look so this occurs in the matrix of
mitochondria now to be more precise when
you talk about mitochondria this is the
outer membrane of mitochondria this is a
double membrane structure this is that
inner membrane the forelady membrane is
that inner membrane and the space
between the two membranes since that
inter membrane space so this is inter
membrane space and this fluid like
structure inside the inner membrane that
is the matrix so this is matrix clear so
now this process of pyruvate oxidation
will take place inside the matrix so
here oxidative decarboxylation will
occur
oxidative that means oxidation will also
take place at the same time
decarboxylation
what does decarboxylation removal of
carbon dioxide is what decarboxylation
so the enzyme which is involved in this
step is pyruvate dehydrogenase nobody
hydrogen is again whenever dehydrogenase
is there it will cause
oxidation and the products which are
formed as a result of this step is
acetyl coenzyme a carbon dioxide and
NADH so these are the products which
will be formed as a result of this step
now let's see exactly what happens so
this is pyruvate
acid so Byron think acid is a 3-carbon
compose ETH for all tree so it is a
three carbon compound
now this pyruvic acid is acted upon by
many enzymes not only pyruvate
dehydrogenase
it is also acted upon kind of coenzyme d
and nad+
which acts as the oxidizing agent and
this results in the formation of acetone
coins on you a so basically what happens
is the acetyl group of the carboxylic
acid will join with coenzyme e since
decarboxylation will happen so carbon
dioxide will be released so one carbon
is removed from pyruvate acid so it is
sure that now we will be left with a two
carbon compound so what does that new
carbon compound the remaining of pyruvic
acid will combine with a enzyme a to
form acid i o enzyme e plus carbon
dioxide plus this nad plus will take up
the electrons to form NADH + H+ right so
this 3 carbon compound for got converted
into a new carbon compound and carbon
dioxide and this carbon dioxide which is
formed in this step is the one which we
exam like in case of human beings we
exhale carbon dioxide right so that
carbon dioxide is actually formed during
this step and the acetyl coenzyme a is
the main product of the step and this
acetyl coenzyme a will enter into the
next step that is Krebs cycle so this
will get into the Krebs cycle and this
co2 is the one which is exhaled and this
NADH in being energy rich molecules they
will be utilized for ATP synthesis so
now you can talk about the final
conclusion of the pyruvate oxidation so
what exactly
all in this step here in this case as a
kind boy enzyme E is formed and led H is
also formed now since we had two
molecules of pyruvic acid so this step
is for one molecule of pyruvic acid
since we had two molecules of pyruvic
acid therefore this step will repeat it
repeat it for two times so the result
will be to acetyl coenzyme a will
perform two molecules of acetyl coenzyme
a and two molecules of NADH will be
formed so this would be the final
product
now I'm not considering so you do
because CO 2 will be XL but these will
be utilized in the later steps of
respiration right so now if you see in
one thing when we started our discussion
on respiration we started with glucose
which was a six carbon compound but now
we have arrived at a compound that's a
typo enzyme a which is a two carbon
compound so you see gradually the
glucose is getting oxidized right and
you will see that in the later steps
this two carbon compound will gradually
get decarboxylated multiple number of
times and finally it will give only co2
thank you please visit www.payoor.com to
watch more videos attempt free online
test
get free study material find tutors and
mentors thank you once again
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