OSI Model Video Lecture | Electrical Engineering Optional Notes for UPSC

Ans. The OSI Model, or Open Systems Interconnection Model, is a conceptual framework used to understand and implement network protocols in seven layers. It is important because it standardizes the functions of a telecommunication or computing system without regard to its underlying internal structure and technology. This helps different systems communicate effectively, ensuring interoperability and simplifying troubleshooting.

Ans. The OSI Model consists of seven layers: 1. Physical Layer - deals with the physical connection and transmission of raw data. 2. Data Link Layer - provides node-to-node data transfer and error detection/correction. 3. Network Layer - manages the routing of data packets between devices across networks. 4. Transport Layer - ensures complete data transfer and error recovery. 5. Session Layer - establishes, maintains, and terminates communication sessions. 6. Presentation Layer - translates data formats, encryption, and compression. 7. Application Layer - provides network services directly to end-users.

Ans. The OSI Model facilitates troubleshooting by allowing network professionals to isolate issues within specific layers. By understanding which layer is responsible for a particular function, technicians can more easily identify where a problem lies, whether it is a physical connection issue, a routing problem, or an application error. This structured approach helps streamline the diagnostic process.

Ans. The OSI Model and TCP/IP model are both frameworks for understanding network communication, but they differ in structure. The TCP/IP model has four layers (Link, Internet, Transport, and Application), whereas the OSI Model has seven. While the OSI Model provides a more detailed view with separate layers for session and presentation, TCP/IP combines these functions into the application layer. Despite their differences, both models serve the same purpose of enabling communication across diverse systems.

Ans. The OSI Model was developed by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) in the late 1970s to promote interoperability among different networking systems and protocols. Its creation marked a significant shift towards standardized communication protocols, which has had lasting implications for the development of the internet and networking technologies. By providing a common framework, it has facilitated advancements in networking and the expansion of global communication networks.