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Monetary & Liquidity Measures: Money & Banking Video Lecture | Famous Books for UPSC Exam (Summary & Tests)
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| 1. What are monetary measures in the context of money and banking? |  |
Ans. Monetary measures refer to the tools and indicators used by central banks to manage the money supply and control inflation. These measures include open market operations, reserve requirements, and changes in the discount rate.
| 2. How do open market operations affect monetary policy? | |
Ans. Open market operations involve the buying and selling of government securities by the central bank. When the central bank buys securities, it injects money into the economy, increasing the money supply. Conversely, when it sells securities, it reduces the money supply. These operations are used to control interest rates and influence the overall liquidity in the economy.
| 3. What is the significance of reserve requirements in monetary policy? | |
Ans. Reserve requirements are the minimum amount of funds that banks must hold in reserve against their deposit liabilities. By adjusting these requirements, central banks can influence the amount of money that banks are able to lend. Lowering reserve requirements allows banks to lend more, stimulating economic activity, while raising them restricts lending and helps control inflation.
| 4. How does the discount rate impact the economy? | |
Ans. The discount rate is the interest rate at which commercial banks can borrow funds directly from the central bank. By lowering the discount rate, the central bank encourages borrowing and stimulates economic activity. Conversely, raising the discount rate makes borrowing more expensive, discouraging lending and slowing down the economy.
| 5. What are liquidity measures and why are they important in banking? | |
Ans. Liquidity measures are indicators that assess the ability of banks to meet their short-term obligations. These measures include the liquidity coverage ratio and the net stable funding ratio. They are important in banking because they ensure that banks have enough liquid assets to cover potential cash outflows and maintain stability in the financial system.
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