PPT: The Parliamentary System: Legislature and Executive | Social Science Class 8 - New NCERT PDF Download

 Page 1


The Parliamentary 
System: 
Legislature and 
Executive
Page 2


The Parliamentary 
System: 
Legislature and 
Executive
I n t r o d u c t i o n
India's independence was achieved 
through great sacrifices after years of 
struggle against colonial rule.
The Constitution of independent India 
laid foundational principles including 
Universal Adult Franchise
This guarantees all adult citizens the 
right to vote irrespective of social or 
economic background, gender, race, or 
religion.
Page 3


The Parliamentary 
System: 
Legislature and 
Executive
I n t r o d u c t i o n
India's independence was achieved 
through great sacrifices after years of 
struggle against colonial rule.
The Constitution of independent India 
laid foundational principles including 
Universal Adult Franchise
This guarantees all adult citizens the 
right to vote irrespective of social or 
economic background, gender, race, or 
religion.
Composition of the Parliament of India
President
The Head of State and 
nominal head of the 
Executive
Lok Sabha
House of the People (Lower 
House) with directly elected 
representatives
Rajya Sabha
Council of States (Upper House) with indirectly elected 
members
This structure with two houses is called a 'bicameral' system. 
The maximum number of members in the Lok Sabha is 550, while 
Rajya Sabha members are elected indirectly by the electoral 
college.
Page 4


The Parliamentary 
System: 
Legislature and 
Executive
I n t r o d u c t i o n
India's independence was achieved 
through great sacrifices after years of 
struggle against colonial rule.
The Constitution of independent India 
laid foundational principles including 
Universal Adult Franchise
This guarantees all adult citizens the 
right to vote irrespective of social or 
economic background, gender, race, or 
religion.
Composition of the Parliament of India
President
The Head of State and 
nominal head of the 
Executive
Lok Sabha
House of the People (Lower 
House) with directly elected 
representatives
Rajya Sabha
Council of States (Upper House) with indirectly elected 
members
This structure with two houses is called a 'bicameral' system. 
The maximum number of members in the Lok Sabha is 550, while 
Rajya Sabha members are elected indirectly by the electoral 
college.
Legislature and Executive
The Indian Parliamentary system was inspired by Britain's system, but also 
drew from:
Practical experience gained through participation in British colonial 
governance structures
Memory of ancient republics (mah
janapadas)
Village panchayats where elders made collective decisions
India practices federalism, distributing power between the center, states, and 
local governments to balance national unity and local interests.
Page 5


The Parliamentary 
System: 
Legislature and 
Executive
I n t r o d u c t i o n
India's independence was achieved 
through great sacrifices after years of 
struggle against colonial rule.
The Constitution of independent India 
laid foundational principles including 
Universal Adult Franchise
This guarantees all adult citizens the 
right to vote irrespective of social or 
economic background, gender, race, or 
religion.
Composition of the Parliament of India
President
The Head of State and 
nominal head of the 
Executive
Lok Sabha
House of the People (Lower 
House) with directly elected 
representatives
Rajya Sabha
Council of States (Upper House) with indirectly elected 
members
This structure with two houses is called a 'bicameral' system. 
The maximum number of members in the Lok Sabha is 550, while 
Rajya Sabha members are elected indirectly by the electoral 
college.
Legislature and Executive
The Indian Parliamentary system was inspired by Britain's system, but also 
drew from:
Practical experience gained through participation in British colonial 
governance structures
Memory of ancient republics (mah
janapadas)
Village panchayats where elders made collective decisions
India practices federalism, distributing power between the center, states, and 
local governments to balance national unity and local interests.
Function of Parliament
Each House has a presiding officer to ensure orderly 
debates:
Lok Sabha: Speaker elected by members
Rajya Sabha: Vice President of India as chairperson
The Sengol, a gold-plated silver sceptre from the 
Chola period, is placed near the Speaker's chair as a 
symbol of righteous rule. 
The Sengol symbolizes justice and righteous 
governance, with Nandi at its top representing dharma.