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NCERT Textbook: Carbon & its Compounds | Science & Technology for UPSC CSE PDF Download

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FAQs on NCERT Textbook: Carbon & its Compounds - Science & Technology for UPSC CSE

1. What is carbon?
Ans. Carbon is a chemical element with the symbol C and atomic number 6. It is a non-metallic element and is the fourth most abundant element in the universe by mass. Carbon is known to form millions of compounds, making it the basis of all known life on Earth.
2. What are organic compounds?
Ans. Organic compounds are carbon-based molecules that are essential for life. They are molecules that contain carbon atoms bonded to hydrogen atoms and other atoms such as oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and phosphorus. Organic compounds include carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids.
3. What is the difference between saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbons?
Ans. Saturated hydrocarbons are hydrocarbons that contain only single bonds between carbon atoms and are saturated with hydrogen atoms. Examples of saturated hydrocarbons include methane, ethane, and propane. Unsaturated hydrocarbons contain one or more double or triple bonds between carbon atoms and are not fully saturated with hydrogen atoms. Examples of unsaturated hydrocarbons include ethene, propene, and butyne.
4. What is the importance of carbon in our daily lives?
Ans. Carbon is essential for life and is present in all living organisms. It forms the basis of organic chemistry and is involved in the formation of many important compounds such as carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids. Carbon is also used in the production of fuels such as coal, oil, and natural gas and is used in the manufacture of a wide range of products including plastics, rubber, and textiles.
5. What is the greenhouse effect and how is carbon dioxide related to it?
Ans. The greenhouse effect is a natural process that occurs when certain gases in the Earth's atmosphere, including carbon dioxide, trap heat from the sun and warm the Earth's surface. This helps to maintain a stable temperature on Earth and is essential for life. However, human activities such as burning fossil fuels have increased the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, leading to an enhanced greenhouse effect and global warming.
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