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Flashcards for JEE Physics - Atoms Class 12

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1. What is an atom?
Ans. An atom is the smallest unit of matter that retains the properties of an element. It consists of a nucleus, which contains positively charged protons and uncharged neutrons, surrounded by negatively charged electrons.
2. How many types of atoms are there?
Ans. There are currently 118 known types of atoms, known as chemical elements. Each element has a unique number of protons in its nucleus, which determines its identity.
3. What is atomic structure?
Ans. Atomic structure refers to the arrangement of subatomic particles within an atom. It consists of a dense nucleus at the center, which contains protons and neutrons, and a cloud of electrons orbiting the nucleus in energy levels or shells.
4. How do atoms form molecules?
Ans. Atoms can form molecules through chemical bonding. This occurs when atoms share or transfer electrons to achieve a more stable electron configuration. Covalent bonding involves the sharing of electrons, while ionic bonding involves the transfer of electrons between atoms.
5. Can atoms be destroyed or created?
Ans. According to the law of conservation of mass, atoms cannot be destroyed or created. They can only undergo chemical reactions where their arrangement or combination changes, but the total number of atoms remains the same.
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