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DPP for NEET: Daily Practice Problems Biomolecules | Chemistry Class 12 PDF Download

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FAQs on DPP for NEET: Daily Practice Problems Biomolecules - Chemistry Class 12

1. What are biomolecules and why are they important for living organisms?
Ans. Biomolecules are organic molecules that are essential for life, including carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. They play critical roles in biological processes, serving as the building blocks of cells, providing energy, facilitating biochemical reactions, and storing genetic information. Understanding biomolecules is fundamental in fields such as biochemistry, molecular biology, and medicine.
2. What are the main types of biomolecules and their functions?
Ans. The main types of biomolecules include carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. Carbohydrates provide energy and structural support; proteins perform a wide range of functions including catalysis and transport; lipids serve as energy reserves and form cell membranes; and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) are responsible for genetic information storage and transfer. Each type of biomolecule has unique structural characteristics that determine its specific function.
3. How do enzymes, which are a type of protein, function in biological systems?
Ans. Enzymes are proteins that act as catalysts in biochemical reactions, speeding up the reaction rates without being consumed in the process. They lower the activation energy required for reactions to occur. Enzymes have specific active sites that bind to substrate molecules, forming an enzyme-substrate complex. This interaction facilitates the conversion of substrates into products, making enzymes crucial for metabolic processes.
4. What is the significance of nucleic acids in genetics?
Ans. Nucleic acids, primarily DNA and RNA, are vital for storing and transmitting genetic information. DNA carries the instructions for the development, functioning, growth, and reproduction of all living organisms. RNA plays a key role in translating these instructions into proteins, which perform most of the functions in cells. The understanding of nucleic acids is essential for advancements in genetics, biotechnology, and medicine.
5. How do the properties of water contribute to the function of biomolecules?
Ans. Water is a polar molecule, which allows it to form hydrogen bonds, contributing to its solvent properties. This polarity enables water to dissolve a wide range of substances, facilitating biochemical reactions. Additionally, water's high specific heat capacity and surface tension support the structural integrity of biomolecules, influence protein folding, and help maintain cellular environments. These properties are crucial for the proper functioning of biomolecules in living organisms.
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