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Audio Notes: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Video Lecture | Biology Class 11 - NEET

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FAQs on Audio Notes: Photosynthesis in Higher Plants Video Lecture - Biology Class 11 - NEET

1. What is the process of photosynthesis in higher plants?
Ans.Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose. This occurs primarily in the chloroplasts of plant cells, where chlorophyll captures sunlight. The overall equation for photosynthesis can be summarized as: 6CO₂ + 6H₂O + light energy → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂. During this process, carbon dioxide and water are transformed into glucose and oxygen, using light energy.
2. What are the main stages of photosynthesis?
Ans.Photosynthesis consists of two main stages: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle). The light-dependent reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes of the chloroplasts, where sunlight is absorbed and converted into ATP and NADPH, releasing oxygen as a byproduct. The light-independent reactions, occurring in the stroma, utilize ATP and NADPH to convert carbon dioxide into glucose through a series of enzymatic reactions.
3. How do environmental factors affect photosynthesis?
Ans.Environmental factors such as light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and water availability significantly impact the rate of photosynthesis. Increased light intensity generally enhances photosynthesis up to a certain point, while higher carbon dioxide levels can also boost the process. However, extreme temperatures and water scarcity can hinder photosynthetic efficiency, leading to reduced plant growth and productivity.
4. What role do chlorophyll and other pigments play in photosynthesis?
Ans.Chlorophyll is the primary pigment involved in photosynthesis, responsible for absorbing light energy, particularly in the blue and red wavelengths. Other pigments, such as carotenoids, also contribute by capturing additional light energy and protecting the plant from damage caused by excess light. Together, these pigments ensure that plants optimize the light they receive for photosynthesis.
5. Why is photosynthesis important for life on Earth?
Ans.Photosynthesis is crucial for life on Earth as it is the foundation of the food chain. It produces oxygen, which is essential for the respiration of most living organisms, and generates glucose, serving as an energy source for plants and the creatures that consume them. Additionally, photosynthesis helps regulate atmospheric carbon dioxide levels, playing a vital role in mitigating climate change and maintaining ecological balance.
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