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FAQs on NCERT Textbook: Physical Features of India - Geography for UPSC CSE

1. What are the major physical features of India?
Ans. The major physical features of India include the Himalayan mountain range in the north, the Indo-Gangetic plain, the Western and Eastern Ghats, the Thar Desert, and the coastal plains.
2. What is the significance of the Himalayan mountain range in India?
Ans. The Himalayan mountain range in India is significant as it acts as a natural barrier, safeguarding the country from the cold winds of Central Asia. It is also the source of major Indian rivers like the Ganga and the Brahmaputra.
3. How do the Western and Eastern Ghats influence the climate of India?
Ans. The Western and Eastern Ghats are mountain ranges that run parallel to the western and eastern coasts of India, respectively. They act as barriers, preventing the monsoon winds from reaching the interior regions of the country. As a result, these mountain ranges play a crucial role in determining the distribution of rainfall and the climate patterns in India.
4. What is the importance of the Indo-Gangetic plain in India?
Ans. The Indo-Gangetic plain is one of the most fertile regions in India and supports a significant agricultural economy. It is formed by the alluvial deposits brought by the rivers like the Ganga, Brahmaputra, and their tributaries, making it highly suitable for agriculture.
5. How does the Thar Desert impact the climate and vegetation in India?
Ans. The Thar Desert, also known as the Great Indian Desert, is located in the northwestern part of India. It is a hot and arid region that experiences very low rainfall. The desert's presence influences the climate of the surrounding areas, causing hot and dry conditions. The lack of rainfall and extreme temperatures limit the growth of vegetation in the region.
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