Demography is primarily concerned with studying ___ trends and processes.

Population

True or False: Social demography only focuses on statistical data without considering societal impacts.

False. Social demography examines both statistical data and the societal consequences of demographic changes.

The Malthusian Theory posits that human populations grow at a faster rate than the means of human subsistence, leading to ___ and ___.

Poverty and scarcity

True or False: According to the Malthusian Theory, agricultural production increases at a geometric rate.

False. Agricultural production increases at an arithmetic rate.

What is the main implication of the disparity in growth rates highlighted by the Malthusian Theory?

The main implication is that population growth will always outstrip agricultural production, leading to a perpetual state of poverty.

The only way to increase prosperity, according to the Malthusian Theory, is by controlling ___ growth.

Population

Fill in the blank: The Malthusian Theory suggests that population growth follows a ___ pattern, while agricultural output increases only in an ___ pattern.

Geometric; arithmetic

Malthus argues that natural checks such as famines and diseases are necessary to ___ the imbalance between food availability and population growth.

Balance

In the first stage of demographic transition, high birth rates are primarily driven by a lack of ___ and awareness about smaller families.

Education

The second stage of population growth is characterized by ___ birth rates and ___ death rates.

High; low

True or False: In the second stage of population growth, death rates rise due to the increased availability of healthcare.

False; death rates drop significantly due to increased healthcare availability.

What demographic change occurs during the second stage of population growth?

A population explosion occurs, creating a demographic divide where the working population grows faster than the non-working population.

The fertility rate is defined as the number of live births per ___ women aged 15 to 49.

1,000

True or False: A high maternal mortality rate indicates improvements in medical care and living standards.

False. A high maternal mortality rate indicates poor development and poverty.