Punjab Police Head Constable Paper 1 Mock Test - 5 - Punjab Police Constable MCQ

Public Interest Litigation (PIL)
PIL stands for Public Interest Litigation, which is a legal mechanism that allows individuals or organizations to bring cases to the court for the protection of public interest or the enforcement of legal rights. It is an important tool in promoting social justice, holding authorities accountable, and ensuring access to justice for marginalized groups. Here are the key points about PIL:
1. Definition: PIL is a legal action initiated by an individual or a group of individuals, acting in the interest of the public, to seek justice, protect fundamental rights, and address issues of public concern.
2. Scope: PIL can be filed in various areas such as environmental protection, human rights violations, consumer protection, corruption, gender equality, public health, and more. It allows citizens to challenge unconstitutional laws, government policies, or administrative actions.
3. Access to Justice: PIL provides an avenue for individuals who may not have personal standing or resources to approach the court. It helps in bridging the gap between the marginalized sections of society and the justice system.
4. Role of Courts: Courts play a crucial role in PIL cases by intervening in matters of public importance and issuing directions or guidelines to the government or other authorities to enforce constitutional rights and fulfill public obligations.
5. Public Interest: PIL focuses on issues that affect a large section of society or have a significant impact on public welfare. The court evaluates the merit of the case based on the public interest involved.
6. Judicial Activism: PIL has been instrumental in promoting judicial activism, where the courts proactively engage in social issues and policy matters to protect citizens' rights and ensure good governance.
In conclusion, PIL, which stands for Public Interest Litigation, is a legal mechanism that allows individuals or organizations to bring cases to the court in the interest of public welfare. It plays a vital role in promoting social justice, accountability, and access to justice for marginalized groups.

The Lok Sabha the Lower house of the Indian Parliament comprising of elected represented and the Vidhan Sabha is the state legislative assembly comprised of the legislatures elected by the voters. Elections for Lok Sabha and Vidhan Sabha are usually held after every five years.
However, if the ruling party loses the majority, the President dissolves the House and calls for fresh elections. Likewise, if the state government loses the majority, the Governor dissolves the state assembly and calls for fresh polls.
 

The correct answer is '1809'.

Key Points

• The Treaty of Amritsar of 1809 was an agreement between the British East India Company (EIC) and Maharaja Ranjit Singh, the Sikh leader who founded the Sikh empire.
• The EIC's intention in this treaty was to gain Singh’s support if the French invaded India.
• Singh wanted to officially absorb the Malwa Sikhs in his kingdom, which resided between the Sutlej and Yamuna Rivers, thus unifying all Sikhs of Punjab within his kingdom.
• The treaty settled Indo-Sikh relations for a generation.

The Government of Nepal  is an executive body and the central government of Nepal. Prior to the abolition of the Nepali monarchy in 2008, it was officially known as His Majesty's Government.

The head of state is the President and the Prime Minister holds the position of the Head of executive. The role of President is largely ceremonial as the functioning of the government is managed entirely by the Prime Minister who is appointed by the Parliament.

The heads of constitutional bodies are appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Constitutional Council, with the exception of the Attorney General, who is appointed by the President on the recommendation of the Prime Minister.

The International Day of Nowruz is celebrated annually on March 21, marking the first day of spring and symbolizing renewal and cultural diversity. Recognized by UNESCO, Nowruz promotes values of peace, solidarity, reconciliation, and cultural heritage among communities globally.

Answer:
The correct combination regarding the ideals of our Constitution is option C: Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic. Let's break down each ideal:
Sovereign:
- The Constitution declares India as a sovereign nation, which means it is independent and not under the control of any external authority.
- India has the authority to govern itself and make decisions without interference from other countries.
Socialist:
- The Constitution aims to establish a socialist society in India.
- This means promoting social and economic equality, reducing inequalities in income and wealth, and ensuring equal opportunities for all citizens.
Secular:
- India is a secular nation, which means it does not promote any specific religion or give preferential treatment to any particular religion.
- The State maintains an equal distance from all religions and treats all citizens equally, irrespective of their religion.
Democratic Republic:
- India is a democratic republic, where the power to govern is vested in the hands of the people.
- The citizens have the right to elect their representatives through free and fair elections, and these representatives make decisions on their behalf.
- The President is the head of state, and the Prime Minister is the head of government.
In summary, the correct combination of ideals of our Constitution is C: Sovereign, Socialist, Secular, Democratic Republic.

• The hardness of water is that characteristic that prevents the formation of sufficient leather or foam.
• It occurs due to the presence of carbonates, bicarbonates, sulphates, chlorides of calcium and magnesium(Ca and Mg).
• The hardness of water is due to the presence of dissolved minerals of Ca2+, Mg2+, Al3+, Iron and other heavy elements. Specifically due to Calcium Sulphate, Calcium Bicarbonate, Calcium chloride, Magnesium Sulphate, Magnesium Bicarbonate and Magnesium chloride.​

According to the NAM, the primary priority for poor nations was economic development, not military strength.

The correct answer is A and R both are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

Key Points

Trees as a shelter for animals:

• Trees provide shelter and food for a variety of birds and small animals, such as squirrels and beavers.
• Enhancing growth diversity, trees create an environment that allows the growth of plants that otherwise would not be there.
• Flowers, fruits, leaves, buds, and woody parts of trees are used by many different species.
• Deforestation can directly lead to biodiversity loss when animal species that live in the trees no longer have their habitat, cannot relocate, and therefore become extinct. 

Deforestation can lead certain tree species to permanently disappear, which affects the biodiversity of plant species in an environment.

Hence, the reason is also correct.

Important Points

Human activities that influence the extinction and endangerment of wild species fall into a number of categories:

• ​Land use practices like Deforestation, Projects in urban and suburban development, agriculture, and water management projects that encroach upon and destroy natural habitats.
• Unsustainable hunting and harvesting result in higher rates of death than new individual recruitment.
• Ecological damage caused by water, air, and soil pollution.
• Anthropogenic (human-caused) global climate change.
• ​According to the India State of Forest Report (ISFR) 2019, The forest and tree cover in the country is estimated at 80.73 million hectares, which is 24.56 percent of the total geographical area.​

Additional Information

The International Union of Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN):

• For the purposes of conservation, the IUCN has divided the threatened plant and animal species into 9 categories.
• Endangered Species: It includes those species which are in danger of extinction. The IUCN's Red List of Threatened Species provides information about endangered species around the world.
• Vulnerable Species: This includes the species which are likely to be in danger of extinction in the near future if the factors threatening their extinction continue.
• Rare Species: The population of these species is very small in the world; they are confined to limited areas or thinly scattered over a wider area.

The president is indirectly elected by an electoral college comprising the Parliament of India (both houses) and the legislative assemblies of each of India's states and territories, who themselves are all directly elected.

(i) The COD (Chemical oxygen demand) test is used to measure the content of organic matter of waste water, both biodegradable and non-biodegradble.

(ii) The COD test uses potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇) in presence of concentrated sulfuric acid (H₂SO₄) solution that oxidizes both organic (predominate) and inorganic substances in a waste water sample.

(iii) The reagents for COD test are followings:

• Standard potassium dichromate solution (0.25N)
• Concentrated sulfuric acid
• Standard ferrous ammonium sulphate titrant (0.1N)
• Ferroin indicator solution.

Union Ministry of Education inaugurated the logo, slogan – “Jan Jan Sakshar,” and the mobile application for ULLAS: Nav Bharat Saksharta Karyakram.
The ULLAS initiative aims to transform education and literacy nationwide by creating a learning ecosystem that provides basic education, digital and financial literacy, and critical life skills to individuals aged 15 and above who missed the chance to attend school.

The correct answer is 'Asikni'.

Key Points

• The Chenab River is a major river that flows in India and Pakistan and is one of the 5 major rivers of the Punjab region.
• The Chenab river was called Asikni in Rigveda.
• The name meant that it was seen to have dark-colored waters.
• It is formed by the union of two headwaters, Chandra and Bhaga, which rise in the upper Himalayas in Himachal Pradesh.
• The Chenab flows through Jammu and Kashmir, India into the plains of Punjab, Pakistan, before ultimately flowing into the Indus River.
• The waters of the Chenab were allocated to Pakistan under the terms of the Indus Waters Treaty.

Important Points

• Waste is unusable material. Waste comes in many forms.
• Waste can be categorized as:
  • solid waste (vegetable peels, trash cans and other such municipal waste),
  • liquid waste (water discharge from industries, harmful runoff from fields etc),
  • and gaseous waste (harmful gases released from industries).

Key Points

Solid waste management is one important challenge of urban bodies. It can be achieved by following the 5 R's of waste management which are:

Refuse:

• Refuse the usage of non-biodegradable products as much as possible.
• Example: Refuse using plastic bags and using jute bags or cloth bags.

Reduce: 

• If users cannot be refused completely, reduce the amount of consumption.
• Example: Reducing the use of single-use plastics.

Reuse:

• As much as possible try to use a substance for as long as and in as many ways as possible.
• Example: Reuse wrapping paper, plastic bags, boxes.

Repurpose:

• For every item that can't be refused, reduced, or reused, try repurposing it.
• Example: try using wasted printer paper for scrap paper, cardboard boxes for storing supplies, binder clips to hold power cords

Recycle:  

• Recycling is the most environmentally friendly waste disposal method, which means collecting waste and produce a new product from it.
• Example: recycling of glass can be made to produce new glass jars and bottles or tiles.

Important Points

Plastic bags:

• A plastic bag should be avoided because it is harmful to the environment and is difficult to degrade.
• If one cannot avoid the use of plastic bags they must reuse, repurpose or recycle plastic bags.

​Thus, the incorrect match is Plastic bags: Landfill

Additional Information

Composting:

• Due to a lack of adequate space for landfills, biodegradable yard waste is allowed to decompose in a medium designed for the purpose.
• Only biodegradable waste materials are used in composting. Example: kitchen waste
• Good quality environmentally friendly manure is formed from the compost and can be used for agricultural purposes.
• It is the only sustainable means of waste disposal.​

Landfill:

• Landfill refers to the disposal of waste material by burying it.
• It is an extended storage area for non-biodegradable waste.
• Landfills may lead to contamination from the waste entering the area surrounding by soil and water and it also causes odour and pests.

The Security Council is the primary authority for maintaining international peace and security within the UN.

Office Order dated 13-8-1990: Reservation of Seats
The office order dated 13-8-1990 regarding the reservation of seats was signed by the Joint Secretary.
Explanation:
- The office order, which pertains to the reservation of seats, was issued on 13-8-1990.
- The order was signed by a specific individual holding a designated position within the office hierarchy.
- Among the given options, the most appropriate position to sign such an order would be the Joint Secretary.
- The Joint Secretary typically holds a high-ranking position within an organization and is responsible for assisting the Secretary in carrying out administrative duties.
- Given their role in overseeing various departments and functions, the Joint Secretary would be authorized to sign an office order related to reservation of seats.
- It is important to note that the other options provided, namely the Secretary, Deputy Secretary, and Under Secretary, may also hold positions of authority within the office but are less likely to be directly responsible for signing such an order.
Therefore, the correct answer is B: Joint Secretary.

When the signal happened distance left was 150 km.
150/(s) – 150/(s + 15) = 1/2 hours Æ s = 60.

Chalk box and soap have breadth,length and height . Cylinder has 2 radii and height. A ring (here) is made up of two concentric circles which is a 2d figure. Hence ring is 2 dimensional

The sum of speeds would be 0.08 m/s (relative speed in opposite direction). Also if we go by
option (b), the speeds will be 0.03 and 0.05 m/s respectively.
At this speed the overlapping would occur every 60 seconds.

8 × 39 + 13 × 43 = 871
Since the 8th number came twice, it is added two times.
So the answer = 871 – 20 × 41 = 51
Hence, Option A is correct.

Hence, Option A is correct.

Diameter of the circle = breadth of the rectangle = 42 meters
Radius of the circle

So the answer 

Hence, Option D is correct.

ਸਹੀ ਉੱਤਰ ਹੈ , ਮੈਂ ਆ ਗਿਆ , ਤਾਂ ਜੋ ਤੁਹਾਨੂੰ ਮਿਲ ਸਕਾ

ਸਹੀ ਉੱਤਰ , ​ਯੋਧਿਆਂ ਦੀ ਮਹਿਮਾ ਵਿਚ ਲਿਖੀ ਗਈ ਬਿਰਤਾਂਤਕ ਕਵਿਤਾ ਨੂੰ "ਵਾਰ "ਕਿਹਾ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ

Additional Information

• ਜਿਸ ਨੇ ਧਰਮ ਜਾਂ ਦੇਸ – ਕੌਮ ਲਈ ਜਾਨ ਕੁਰਬਾਨ ਕੀਤੀ ਹੋਵੇ – ਸ਼ਹੀਦ
• ਜਿਹੜਾ ਦੇਸ਼ ਨਾਲ ਗ਼ਦਾਰੀ ਕਰੇ –ਗੱਦਾਰ

ਸਹੀ ਉੱਤਰ ਹੈ , ਖੁੱਲ੍ਹਣਾ

Additional Information ਸ਼ਬਦਾਂ ਦੇ ਸ਼ੁੱਧ ਰੂਪ ਹਨ :

• ਵੇਖਨਾ – ਵੇਖਣਾ
• ਜਾਨਾ – ਜਾਣਾ
• ਲਿਖਨਾ – ਲਿਖਣਾ

​ਸਹੀ ਜਵਾਬ ਹੈ , ​ ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਲੋਕ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਲਈ ਕੁਝ ਨਵਾਂ ਸੋਚ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ।

Key Points ਉਪਰੋਕਤ ਪੈਰੇ ਨੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਕੇ ਸਾਨੂ ਇਹ ਪਤਾ ਲੱਗਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ , ​ਅਜਿਹੇ ਦੇਸ਼ ਅਮੀਰ ਅਤੇ ਮਾਲੋਮਾਲ ਹੋ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਲੋਕ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਲਈ ਕੁਝ ਨਵਾਂ ਸੋਚ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ।

ਪੈਰੇ ਵਿਚ ਲਿਖੀ ਹੋਈ ਸਤਰਾਂ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ , ਸਿਰਫ਼ ਉਹੀ ਦੇਸ਼ ਅਮੀਰ ਤੇ ਮਾਲੋਮਾਲ ਹੋ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ, ਜਿਨ੍ਹਾਂ ਦੇ ਲੋਕ ਆਪਣੇ ਆਪ ਲਈ ਕੁਝ ਨਵਾਂ ਸੋਚ ਸਕਦੇ ਹਨ।

ਸਹੀ ਜਵਾਬ ਹੈ , ​ ਖੁਸ਼ਹਾਲੀ ਤੇ ਸਾਰਥਕਤਾ

Key Pointsਉਪਰੋਕਤ ਪੈਰੇ ਨੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਕੇ ਸਾਨੂ ਇਹ ਪਤਾ ਲੱਗਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ , ਨਸਲਾਂ ਦੀ ਮਾਨਸਿਕ ਅਵਸਥਾ ਉੱਤੇ ਹੀ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦੀ ਖੁਸ਼ਹਾਲੀ ਤੇ ਸਾਰਥਕਤਾ ਨਿਰਭਰ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ।

ਪੈਰੇ ਵਿਚ ਲਿਖੀ ਹੋਈ ਸਤਰਾਂ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ,ਨਸਲਾਂ ਦੀ ਮਾਨਸਿਕ ਅਵਸਥਾ ਉੱਤੇ ਹੀ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦੀ ਖੁਸ਼ਹਾਲੀ ਤੇ ਸਾਰਥਕਤਾ ਨਿਰਭਰ ਕਰਦੀ ਹੈ।

ਸਹੀ ਜਵਾਬ ਹੈ , ਜੋ ਲੋਕ ਹਮੇਸ਼ਾ ਕਿਸੇ ਦੇ ਪਾਏ ਪੂਰਨਿਆਂ ਉੱਤੇ ਹੀ ਚਲਦੇ ਹਨ

Key Pointsਉਪਰੋਕਤ ਪੈਰੇ ਨੂੰ ਪੜ੍ਹ ਕੇ ਸਾਨੂ ਇਹ ਪਤਾ ਲੱਗਦਾ ਹੈ ਕਿ ,ਲੋਕ ਹਮੇਸ਼ਾ ਕਿਸੇ ਦੇ ਪਾਏ ਪੂਰਨਿਆਂ ਉੱਤੇ ਹੀ ਚਲਦੇ ਹਨ ਉਹਨਾਂ ਦਾ ਕੌਮ ਜਾਂ ਨਸਲ ਦਾ ਵਾਧਾ ਹੋਣਾ ਰੁੱਕ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ।

ਪੈਰੇ ਵਿਚ ਲਿਖੀ ਹੋਈ ਸਤਰਾਂ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ , ਜਦੋਂ ਕਿਸੇ ਨਸਲ ਦੇ ਲੋਕ ਲਕੀਰ ਦੇ ਫਕੀਰ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦੇ ਹਨ, ਹਮੇਸ਼ਾ ਕਿਸੇ ਦੇ ਪਾਏ ਪੂਰਨਿਆਂ ਉੱਤੇ ਹੀ ਚਲਦੇ ਹਨ, ਆਪੀਂ ਕੋਈ ਪੂਰਨਾ ਪਾਉਣ ਦੀ ਦਲੇਰੀ ਨਹੀਂ ਰਖਦੇ, ਪਿਛਲੱਗ ਅਖਵਾਣ ਵਿਚ ਹੀ ਫਖ਼ਰ ਸਮਝਦੇ ਹਨ ਤੇ ਮੋਹਰੀ ਹੋਣੋ ਘਬਰਾਉਂਦੇ ਹਨ, ਉਸ ਨਸਲ ਦਾ ਵਾਧਾ ਰੁਕ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ, ਬੁੱਧੀ ਮੋਟੀ ਹੋ ਜਾਂਦੀ ਹੈ ਤੇ ਜ਼ਿੰਦਗੀ ਵਿੱਚੋਂ ਸੁਹਜ-ਸੁਆਦ ਘੱਟ ਜਾਂਦਾ ਹੈ

ਸਹੀ ਜਵਾਬ , ਵਰਤਿਆ ਗਿਆ ਅਗੇਤਰ ਹੈ , ਸ

ਸਪੁੱਤਰ = ਸ +ਪੁੱਤਰ