HSSC TGT Math Mock Test - 10 - HSSC PGT/TGT MCQ

Concept;

• The term ‘Greenhouse effect’ has been derived from a phenomenon that occurs in a greenhouse.
• The greenhouse effect is a naturally occurring phenomenon.
• It is responsible for heating of Earth’s surface and atmosphere.
• The absorption of solar radiation with the help of greenhouse gases (Carbon dioxide and Methane etc.)  is called the greenhouse effect.
• An increase in the level of greenhouse gases has led to considerable heating of Earth leading to global warming.

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Explanation:

Tidal Energy:

• Due to the gravitational pull of mainly the moon on the spinning earth, the level of water in the sea rises and falls.
• This phenomenon is called high and low tides and the difference in sea levels gives us tidal energy.
• Tidal energy is harnessed by constructing a dam across a narrow opening to the sea.

Geothermal Energy:

• Due to geological changes, molten rocks formed in the deeper hot regions of the earth’s crust are pushed upward and trapped in certain regions called ‘hot spots'.
• When underground water comes in contact with the hot spot, steam is generated.
• The steam trapped in rocks is routed through a pipe to a turbine and used to generate electricity.

Wind Energy:

• To generate electricity, the rotatory motion of the windmill is used to turn the turbine of the electric generator.
• Generally, the kinetic energy of wind changed into electrical energy.

Biogas:

• Cow-dung, various plant materials like the residue after harvesting the crops, vegetable waste, and sewage are decomposed in the absence of oxygen to give bio-gas.
• Biogas is an excellent fuel as it contains up to 75% methane.
• Methane is the major component of Greenhouse gas.

Thus, biogas can lead to the greenhouse effect.

Cognitive development is the construction of thought processes, including remembering, problem-solving, and decision-making, from childhood through adolescence to adulthood. Key Points

• It was once believed that infants lacked the ability to think or form complex ideas and remained without cognition until they learned the language.
• It is now known that babies are aware of their surroundings and interested in exploration from the time they are born. From birth, babies begin to actively learn.
• They gather, sort, and process information from around them, using the data to develop perception and thinking skills.
• Cognitive development refers to how a person perceives, thinks, and gains an understanding of his or her world through the interaction of genetic and learned factors.
• Among the areas of cognitive development are information processing, intelligence, reasoning, language development, and memory.
• All these cognitive abilities help children in developing their aptitude. 

​Hence, we can conclude that option 2 is correct.

The correct answer is Jind.

Important Points

• Pratap Singh revolted against the British in Jind, Haryana.
• Raja Bhag Singh suffered a severe paralytic attack in March 1813. Unfit to run the administration of his state, the ailing chief wished to appoint Prince Pratap Singh the ablest and wisest of all his sons as his regent to do his work.
• But the British government to whom the anti-British bearing of the prince was known stood in his way and got Rani Sobrahi appointed in place of the price in 1814. This was unbearable for Pratap Singh and he raised the standard of revolt on June 23, 1814.
• Pratap being a popular figure the state forces also revolted and joined him forthwith. With their help, the prince lost no time in occupying the Jind fort and established his government after putting the Rani the puppet of the British government to the sword.

Additional Information

• Kaithal revolt was started in the year 1843 and its leader was Gulab Singh and Suraj Kaur.

Personality is the unique characteristics of the individual that are dynamic in nature. Every individual is unique and so is their or their personality. There are various methods to assess the personality of the individual, such as questionnaires, projective tests, etc. 

Key Points

•  The child's overall personality development includes a 360-degree report card. 
• The 360-degree report card shows the performance of the child in each and every domain, such as cognitive development, moral development, physical development, emotional development, etc.
• The 360-degree report card also provides an idea about the social and communication skills of the person. 
• It also helps to assess the potential disability or disorder in the child. 
• The 360-degree report card also includes academic records of the child, which indicates the child's performance in school. 
• It helps to assess and evaluate the overall development of the child. 

Thus, it can be concluded that a child's overall personality development is included in 360-degree report card. 

The correct answer is April 1, 1977.

Key Points

• The Haryana Dairy Development Co-operative Federation Ltd. registered under Haryana Co-operative Societies Act came into existence on April 1, 1977.
• It was established with the primary aim to promote the economic interests of the milk producers of Haryana particularly those belonging to weaker sections of the village community by procuring and processing the milk into milk products and marketing thereof by itself or through its unions.
• In furtherance of the above objects, the Federation undertakes a number of activities such as the establishment of milk plants, marketing of VITA BRAND milk products of the Milk Unions.
• It also extends technical guidance to the Unions in all spheres of personnel, technical, marketing, and financial management as well as makes them quality conscious, through the use of modern methods of laboratory testing of various products.

The correct answer is 1266.Key Points

• Maham town situated in district Rohtak was rebuilt by a person called Peshora of Kayastha (Baniya) Community in 1266.
• It had been under the control of various Muslim and Rajput rulers.
• Following are the major historical attractions found here:
  • Harappan site:
    • Various excavations showing the relation of the city with Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) have been done.
    • Ponds in the city are thought to be dug by IVC people to store the rainwater.
  • Mughal Culture:
    • Shahjahan ki Baoli (Choro Ki Bawdi) is 101 stepwell constructed with Lakhori Bricks.
  • Mosques:
    • Jama Masjid (built by Khwaja Rahmet Ullah).
    • Pirzada Masjid (built by Sheikh Yasaf).
    • Tombs of Ramzan Mahami and Gulam Hussain Mahami.

Additional Information

• Haryana:
  • Lok Sabha seats - 10
  • Rajya Sabha seats - 5
  • Vidhan Sabha seats - 90
  • State Animal - Blackbuck
  • State Bird - Black francolin
  • State tree - Peepal Tree
  • State flower - Lotus
  • National Parks - Kalesar National Park, Sultanpur National Park.
  • Dams - Kaushalya Dam (Kaushalya River), Ottu barrage (Ghaggar River), Anagpur Dam (Hakra River)

The correct answer is Gavambhavana.

• In ancient times, Gohana was known as Gavambhavana and was considered a sacred place.
  • ​Gohana is a city in Sonipat district in the Indian state of Haryana.

Additional Information

• Haryana is an Indian state located in the northern part of the country.
  • It was separated from the former state of East Punjab on 1 November 1966 on linguistic grounds.
  • It ranks 21st in terms of area with less than 1.4% of India's land area.
  • The state capital is Chandigarh, which it shares with the neighboring state of Punjab.

• The eastern boundary of Haryana with Uttar Pradesh is defined by a stretch of about 200 km of Yamuna river.
• Yamuna River also receives a heavy amount of industrial and domestic pollutants from Yamuna Nagar, Panipat, and Sonipat in this stretch.

The correct answer is Mangrove forests.

• All the given types of forest exist in Haryana except the Mangrove forests.
• Mangroves found in the coastal areas and in the delta of the Ganga region, Sundarban of West Bengal are Mangrove forests.
• Subtropical Thorn forests can be seen in the western region.
• Subtropical dry deciduous forest is in Northeastern region.
• Tropical moist deciduous forest can be seen in the northern region of Haryana in Shiwalik range.

Notes:

• Types of forest in India:
• Tropical Evergreen Rain Forests
  • These forests are found where rainfall is more than 200 cm.
  • They are found in the Northeastern regions of Arunachal Pradesh, Meghalaya, Assam, Nagaland, the Western Ghats, the Tarai areas of the Himalayas, and the Andaman groups of Islands.
  • Sandal Wood, Rosewood, Mahogany, and bamboo.
• Deciduous or Monsoon Type of Forests
  • These forests are found where rainfall is between 100 cm and 200 cm.
  • They are found on the lower slope of the Himalayas, West Bengal, Chhattisgarh, Bihar, Orissa, Karnataka, Maharashtra Jharkhand, and the adjoining areas.
  • The leaves of these trees shed during dry winter and dry summer.
  • Teak, Deodar, Blue Gum, Pal Ash, Sal, Sandalwood, Ebony.
• Dry Deciduous Forests
  • These forests are found where rainfall is between 50 cm and 100 cm.
  • They are found in Central Deccan plateau, Punjab, Haryana, parts of Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and South-east of Rajasthan.
• Mountain Forests
  • On the foothills of the Himalayas until a height of 1500 meters, evergreen trees like Sal, teak, and bamboo grow copiously.
  • Alpine grasslands are found.
• Tidal or Mangrove Forests
  • Found in the deltas of the Cauvery, Krishna, Mahanadi, Godavari, and Ganga.
  • Sundarbans are the best example of mangrove forests.
  • Sundari tress is most important specie.
• Semi-Desert or thorny forests
  • These forests are found where rainfall is less than 50 cm.
  • Thorny bushes, acacia are found.
  • In Gujarat, Punjab, and Rajasthan, we found this type of forests.

Educational objectives can be achieved by a good and healthy relationship between teacher and student. Every teacher should have love and affection towards his/her students. The remarkable performance of the student is developed by the good behavior of the students. it is the responsibility of the teacher to keep relationships with students focused on pedagogical goals and academic requirements.

A good teacher-student relationship is characterized by openness, safety, confidence, unconditional acceptance, empathy, and positive regard.

Key Points  Effective in enhancing trust in a student-teacher relationship:

• An attitude of unconditional acceptance of the student by the teacher.
• Don’t use or encourage others to use harsh, disparaging, or discouraging words.
• Don’t encourage any discriminatory words or practices in the class.
• Don’t encourage unhealthy comparisons and competitions among students.
• Don’t demean the performance of poor performers in the class rather try to provide them with alternative scopes to enhance their performance.
• So we can consider that an attitude of unconditional acceptance of the student by the teacher is effective in enhancing trust in the student-teacher relationship.

Additional Information Relationship between teacher and students can be enhanced by:

• Mutual Trust and feedback: Teachers and students both should be liable for maintaining trust between each other. This Mutual trust can only build if the teacher is dedicated to giving the right information to the students and the students would express their feelings or any matter to the teacher in a rightful manner.
• Teacher as a Motivator: Many decisions that a teacher makes have an effect on students' motivation. The grading method a teacher uses, for example, can motivate students to try harder or to give up. Any classroom material chosen with student interest and ability in mind may help motivate students to learn.
• Warmth and Enthusiasm: Teachers who are warm and friendly inspire and instill positive attitudes and a love for learning in their students. Such teachers are known to be more effective in terms of students' increased attention, achievement, willingness to learn, and favourable attitude towards the content. Positive traits of your personality will maintain a good student-teacher relationship.

Carol Tomlinson coined the phrase differentiated instruction in the late 1990s.

Key Points

• Tomlinson defines it as "a way of thinking about teaching that proposes that... we teach with an eye on the learner."
• Progressive differentiation is a method of meaningful learning in which students increase the degree of elaboration of an idea as their knowledge of it grows. 
• Individual students are given specific steps to take in order to take control of their learning experience through differentiated instruction.
• The role of the teacher is to introduce the subject and then increase the depth and specificity. 
• According to research, Differentiated instruction appears to be helpful for students who are academic achievers as well as those who have learning issues or even substantial disabilities. 

Therefore, a teacher presents the most general ideas of the discipline first, followed by a gradual increase in detail and specificity, it is known as Progressive differentiation.

Additional Information

• Differentiated instruction is the process of gaining a better knowledge of how each student learns best and then adjusting training to fit those requirements.
• Cooperative learning is the process of dividing a class of students into small groups so that they can work together to learn a new idea.

Piaget’s views indicate that there is no knowledge that is pre-existing in the world such that it can be ‘taught to a child. Nor does knowledge comes innately (on its own) to the child. Knowledge develops when she acts in the world. His theory also helps in understanding how children ‘construct’ knowledge. Thus, it is also known as a theory in ‘Constructivism.

Key Points

Cognitive development is the process in which cognition (thinking) develops. It is the orderly development of mental and intellectual processes, like logical thinking, making sense of new ideas, solving the problem and the like, that takes place over a period of time.

Therefore teachers ideally would engage in- following for cognitive development in child- 

• facilitates learning by creating opportunities for the children to engage with the world around them and act on it, this enables children to make sense of the world around them and constructs knowledge.
• the teacher is visualized to be a facilitator of children’s learning. The main role of the teacher is understood as being enabling children to construct knowledge. 
• observing and engaging with children
• communicating with and relating to children
• understanding their socio-cultural contexts, their paces, styles of learning, and their interests
• developing in themselves the capacity for self-analysis, self-evaluation, adaptability, flexibility, creativity and innovation
• engage with subject content, examine disciplinary knowledge and social realities, relate subject matter with the social milieu of learners 

Here it is clear that according to the theory of cognitive development given by Piaget no because the teacher supports and facilitates the active explorations of the children this statement is not correct because the teacher supports and facilitates the active explorations of the children.

Important Points

 According to Piaget, there are four stages of cognitive development:

• Stage I - The Sensory-Motor Stage (birth to 2 years)
• Stage II - The Pre-Operational Stage (2 to 7 years)
• Stage III - The Concrete-Operational Stage (7 to 12 years) and
• Stage IV - The Formal Operational Stage

Circumference means the distance around something. Circumference of the circle or perimeter of the circle is the measurement of the boundary across any two-dimensional circular shape including circle. If we open a circle and make a straight line out of it, then its length is the circumference.

The two curves parabola and the line meet where,

Therefore , the required area is :

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Half the base of the triangle = 12/2 = 6 cm
Height of the triangle = √(10²– 6²) = 8 cm

= 1/2 × 12 × 8 = 48 cm²
Hence, Option D is correct.

Hint: To solve this problem you don’t need to count the number of relations by assuming it on your own. Use the formula of the number of relations from set A to set B. 

Complete step-by-step answer:
 It is given that A = {1, 2} and B = {3, 4}
The number of elements in A is n(A)=2 and that of B is n(B) = 2.
The formula for the number of relations from one set to another is:
⇒2^{(number of elements in the first set) x (number of elements of the second set)} 
Therefore, we can write it as follows.
No. of relations from set A to set B = 2^n(A)n(B) =  2^(2*2) = 16 
Hence, the number of relations from A to B is 16.

9 sec² A - 9 tan² A
= 9( sec² A - tan² A)
= 9 × 1
= 9

AC=54cm, Radius=AO=54/2=27cm
Area of the bigger circle= πR²= 22/7 * 27 * 27=2291 (approx)
Diameter of the smaller circle=54-10=44
Radius=44/2=22
Area of the smaller circle= πr²=22/7 * 22 * 22=1521 (approx)
Area of the shaded region=Area of the bigger circle-Area of the smaller circle
= 2291-1521=770 cm²

Clearly , (M−1)⁻¹ = (M⁻¹)¹ is not true.

cos 4x = cos 2x

In the Additive Identity of vectors, the additive identity is zero vector 0.
For any vector V additive identity is defined as,
0 + V = V and V + 0 = V

w’(z) = [(2-z)dy/dz(3z+9)- (3z+9)dy/dz(2-x)]/(2-z)²
[(2-z)(3) - (3z+9)(-1)]/(2-z)²
(6-3z+3z+9)/(2-z)²
= 15/(2-z)²

Let 
E₁ , E₂ and E₃ and are events of selection of a scooter driver , car driver and truck driver respectively.