DSSSB PRT Mock Test - 6 - DSSSB TGT/PGT/PRT MCQ

1st term = 5
2nd term = 5 + (4*1) = 5 + 4 = 9
3rd term = 9 + (4*2) = 9 + 8 = 17
4th term = 17 + (4*3) = 17 + 12 = 29
5th term = 29 + (4*4) = 29 + 16 = 45

Thus, the missing number is 6th term = 45 + (4*5) = 45 + 20 = 65

The famous financial journal of international repute that confers the 'Finance Minister of the Year' Award is Euromoney. This award is given to finance ministers from around the world who are recognized for their exceptional performance and contributions to the financial sector.

Kozhikode in Kerala and Gwalior in Madhya Pradesh have made it to the prestigious creative cities list of UNESCO for contributions in the fields of literature and music, respectively. The announcement was made by UNESCO on its official website on October 31, which is designated as World Cities Day.

Maracanã Stadium, located in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is one of the largest football stadiums in the world. It hosted the 1950 FIFA World Cup Final, where Uruguay defeated Brazil in a match known as the "Maracanazo."

The President of the World Bank, Ajay Banga, is spearheading a strategic initiative through the Private Sector Investment Lab (PSIL) to scale up climate financing via securitization, attracting substantial investments for climate-related projects.

All even numbers between 1 and 50 = 2 to 48

Hence, Option D is correct.

• Since the lines, AB and CD are parallel to each other, and the lines RD and AN are parallel, it means that the triangles RBF and NCI are similar to each other. Since the ratio of CN : BR = 1.333, if we take BR as 3, we will get CN as 4.
• This means that the ratio of BF : CI would also be 3 : 4.
  Also, the ratio of BR : RS : ST : TA = BF : FG : GH : HI = 3 : 5 : 2 : 7 (given).

Hence, the correct answer is 3 : 5 : 2 : 7 : 4 

LCM = 45 HCF
LCM + HCF = 1150
45*HCF + HCF = 1150
46 *HCF = 1150
HCF = 25
Then,
LCM = 45 *25 = 1125.
Now, use the formula,
1st number * second Number = LCM * HCF
125 * second number = 1125 *25
Second Number = 225.

Required time = y(1-(t/x)) = 27(1-(8/24))= 18 minutes

Answer: A. River

Explanation:
- Both hill and mountain are landforms that have elevation.
- A hill is a small, elevated landform.
- A mountain is a large, elevated landform with steep sides and a peak.

- Similarly, both stream and river are bodies of flowing water.
- A stream is a small, narrow body of flowing water.
- A river is a large, wide body of flowing water.

Therefore, the analogy is:
Hill : Mountain :: Stream : River

C: on

• The preposition 'on' is used when referring to something that is physically touching and positioned above a surface, in this case, the wall.
• The picture is attached to the wall and is not inside, under or at the wall, making 'on' the most appropriate preposition.

सही उत्तर 'कार मत तेज मत चलाओ।' है।

• 'कार मत तेज मत चलाओ।' वाक्य में 'मत' (आज्ञा के लिए) का प्रयोग अशुद्ध और अनुचित है।
• शुद्ध वाक्य: कार तेज मत चलाओ।
• उपरोक्त वाक्य में 'मत' शब्द का प्रयोग दो बार हुआ है जिसके कारण वाक्य का अर्थ स्पष्ट नहीं हो रहा है।

Key Points

• वाक्य अशुद्धि शोधन- ‘वाक्य’ भाषा की महत्त्वपूर्ण इकाई है,अत: वाक्य को बोलते व लिखते समय उसकी शुद्धता, स्पष्टता और सार्थकता का ध्यान रखना आवश्यक है।
• यदि वाक्य में किसी तरह की अशुद्धि होती है तो आपके बोले गए वाक्य अर्थ भी बदल सकता है। सामने वाले व्यक्ति को आसानी से और सही-सही समझ आ सके उसके लिए आवश्यक है कि व्याकरण के नियमों की दृष्टि से ‘वाक्य’ को शुद्ध हो।
• अत: वाक्य को व्याकरण के नियमों के अनुसार शुद्ध करना ही ‘वाक्य अशुद्धि शोधन’ कहलाता है।

विकल्प 3 "टी" सही है।

Key Points

• बहू + टी = बहुटी
• अतः ‘बहुटी’ में ‘टी’ प्रत्यय और ‘बहू’ मूल शब्द है।
• यहाँ पर मूल शब्द ‘बहू’ एक संज्ञा-विशेषण है जिसमें तद्धित प्रत्यय (ऊनवाचक तद्धितान्त संज्ञाए) ‘टी’ जुडने से बना शब्द ‘बहुटी’ ऊनवाचक संज्ञा शब्द कहा जाएगा।
• अन्य विकल्प निरर्थक हैं।

Additional Information

• “वे अविकारी शब्दांश जो शब्दों के अंत में जुड़कर उनमें विशेषता या परिवर्तन लाते हैं, प्रत्यय कहलाते हैं। प्रत्यय को परसर्ग भी कहा जाता है।”
  • उदाहरण - आइन (पण्डित + आइन = पण्डिताइन)।
• 'आइन' शब्द उदाहरण का कोई ख़ास अर्थ नहीं होता है, लेकिन जब यही शब्द पण्डित शब्द के पीछे लगता है तो पण्डित शब्द का अर्थ बदल देता है।

वाक्य वर्तमान काल का है - 'मानव पढ़ता है l'

• क्रिया के जिस रूप से यह पता चले की काम अभी हो रहा है, उसे वर्तमान काल कहते हैं।
• जिन वाक्यों के अंत में ता, ती, ते, है, हैं आते हैं, वो वर्तमान काल कहलाता है।
  • जैसे - अमित क्रिकेट खेलता है।

Key Points

• भूतकाल - मोहन गया l
• अपूर्ण भूतकाल - सीता सो रही थी l
• भविष्य काल - वह जाएगा

Additional Information

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), is a developmental disorder that impairs the communication, self-regulation, and social interaction skills of an individual.

Important Points

Characteristics of autism include:

• Autism is a “spectrum condition” that affects people differently and to varying degrees.
• It is an early-onset disorder that is present from birth and can be diagnosed as early as 2 years of age in the developmental stage.
• Severe impairment in basic social skills.
• Presence of repetitive patterns of behaviour.
• Problems or delays in the development of communication skills.
• Problems with non-verbal communication such as body language.
• Trouble in developing and maintaining relationships with others
• Avoiding eye contact with others.
• Under or overreaction to one or more of the five senses: sight, touch, taste, smell, or hearing.

Hence, it could be concluded that both (A) and (B) are true regarding Autism.

Anxiety disorders are a group of mental health conditions characterized by excessive, persistent, and irrational fear or worry about everyday situations or events.

Key Points

• An anxiety disorder, however, involves an excessive or inappropriate state of arousal characterized by feelings of apprehension, uncertainty, or fear. This excessive or inappropriate state of arousal can interfere with daily functioning and cause significant distress to the individual.
• An anxiety disorder persists, while an appropriate response to a threat resolves, once the threat is removed.
• Anxiety disorders can cause physical symptoms such as sweating, feeling short of breath, or dizzy. These physical symptoms may be a result of the body's "fight or flight" response to perceived threats or dangers, which is activated during times of anxiety or stress.

Thus, it is concluded that Both I and II is correct regarding anxiety disorder.​

Kohlberg proposed the Theory of Moral Development that had three levels and each level is split into two stages. According to Kohlberg, each individual passes through each stage in a fixed order, and how moral development is linked with intellectual and cognitive development.

By considering a child's responses to moral dilemmas, Kohlberg tried to establish the reasoning behind the decision as a major indicator of moral development.

Key Points

So, "Social Rules but having rigidity" is characteristic of the Conventional Level of Kohlberg's moral development theory.

Additional Information

Level-2: Conventional Level

• At this level maintaining the expectations of the individual, family, group, or nation is perceived as one of the important values in its own right regardless of the immediate and obvious consequences.
• The attitude is not only of personal expectations and social order but of loyalty to it of actively maintaining, supporting, and justifying the order and identifying oneself with persons or groups he/she is involved with.

Cognitive development involves cognitive processes such as knowing, thinking, remembering, recognizing, categorizing, imagining, reasoning, decision-making, and so forth.

• According to Piaget, children’s understanding of the world expands as they experience new ideas and challenges. Children construct their own knowledge through interaction with their surroundings.
• Cognitive development proceeds as children mature. Piaget divided cognitive development into four stages.
  • Sensorimotor (Birth – 2 years)
  • Preoperational (2-7 years)
  • Concrete Operational (7-11 years)
  • Formal Operational (11 years and above)

Key Points

• The concrete operational stage is the third stage that starts from seven years of age and continues till 11 years.
• In this stage, children gain the ability of conservation, reversibility, and seriation. Seriation refers to the ability to sort objects or situations according to any characteristic, such as size, color, shape, or type.
• In this stage, children can arrange objects in a serial order depending on the object’s defining features and can also arrange objects based on one dimension, for example 'length'. For example, they can arrange a set of pencils of different sizes in ascending or descending order.

Thus, it is concluded that Seriation in Jean Piaget's theory refers to the ability to order objects based on one dimension, for example 'length'

Additional Information

The 4 Stages of Cognitive Development:

• Sensorimotor Stage (Birth to 2 Years)
  • The infant knows the world through their movements and sensations.
  • Infants learn that things continue to exist even though they cannot be seen (object permanence).
• Preoperational Stage (2 to 7 Years)
  • Children begin to think symbolically and learn to use words and pictures to represent objects.
  • Children at this stage tend to be egocentric and struggle to see things from the perspective of others.
• Concrete Operational Stage (7 to 11 Years)
  • During this stage, children begin to think logically about concrete events.
  • They begin to understand the concept of conservation; that the amount of liquid in a short, wide cup is equal to that in a tall, skinny glass.
• Formal Operational Stage (12 and Up)
  • At this stage, the adolescent or young adult begins to think abstractly and reason about hypothetical problems.
  • Teens begin to think more about moral, philosophical, ethical, social, and political issues that require theoretical and abstract reasoning.

Learning disability refers to a neurological disorder that causes cognitive impairment. Dyslexia, dysgraphia, dyscalculia, etc are the most common learning disability.

Key Points Psychological tests used for the assessment of disability may be broadly classified as criterion-referenced tests and norm-referenced tests.

• Criterion referenced-tests are those, which do not have a norm or standard to compare. The individual’s own performance is used as the basis for comparison with his future performance in order to measure the change, which may be in response to education or training.
• The Norm-referenced test (NRT) is a standardized test that helps to determine a student’s place in the ranking. This is accomplished by comparing the student’s performance to a norm or average of performance to a norm or average of performances by other similar students.

Other types of tests are as follows:

• Informal reading inventory is a diagnostic tool that is used to assess student's reading comprehension & accuracy. It is administered individually.
• A standardized test is a test that has been developed from tryouts and experimentation to ensure that it is reliable and valid, for which norms have been established, and which provides uniform procedures for administering and for scoring the test. When such type of test is made for language proficiency, it is called a standardized linguistic test.

Learning by conditioning, which supports the action-reaction effect, (supported by I. Pavlov and Skinner)

Key Points

• Pavlov’s early work in classical conditioning influenced the understanding of learning. the concepts of classical conditioning, including unconditioned stimulus (US), the conditioned stimulus (CS), unconditioned response (UR), and conditioned response (CR). Explain the roles that extinction, generalization, and discrimination play in conditioned learning.
• Skinner also supports this conditioning process in his operant conditioning where Reinforcement is a must with punishment to condition stimuli for a certain type of behavior.
• Hence we can conclude that learning by conditioning depends on stimulus, response, and reinforcement.

Important Points

• Motivation can be defined as the process of activating, maintaining, and directing behavior towards a particular goal. The process is usually terminated once the desired goal is attained by the person. The process of initiating action is technically called ‘motivation’. Basically, motivation is of two types:

• Extrinsic motivation refers to the performance of an activity in order to attain an outcome and comes from outside of the individual.

  • Example: Motivation by parents, teachers, society, peer groups, etc.
• Intrinsic motivation refers to motivation that is driven by an interest in the task itself and exists within the individual.
  • Example: Motivation by self, motivation by curiosity, etc.

Information and Communication Technology(ICT) is the diverse set of technological tools and resources used to communicate, create, disseminate, store, and manage information.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a branch of computer sciences.

Key Points

• Information and communication technology (ICT) has brought new possibilities to the classroom. Internet and interactive multimedia are of great significance for teaching. It enriches the content and quality of the teaching and learning process.
• Artificial Intelligence (AI) emphasizes the development of intelligent machines that think and work like humans. For example, speech recognition, problem-solving, learning, and planning.
• Artificial Intelligence brings the ability to have 24-hour access to teachers and lessons anytime, anywhere.
• It can be used as an educational tool that guides students toward their goals by providing personalized feedback.

So we can say that ICT and Artificial Intelligence open possibilities for both teachers and students. Hence, option 4 is the correct solution to this question.

Additional Information

ICT includes such technologies as radio, television, video, DVD, telephone, satellite systems, and computers as well as the equipment and services associated with these technologies, such as video conferencing and electronic mail.

It comprises the following three components:

• i. Information and Communication Infrastructure (ICI) which includes physical telecommunications systems, networks (cellular, broadcast, cable, satellite, postal), and the services that utilize those (Internet, voice, mail, radio, and television);
• ii. Information Technology (IT) refers to the hardware and software of information collection, storage, processing, and presentation.
• iii. Communication Technology (CT) like telephones, e-mail, chatting, etc. helps to disseminate information and facilitate interaction among students and teachers irrespective of distance, time, and situations.

Child-centered strategies in teaching Environmental Studies (EVS) at the primary level focus on engaging students actively in the learning process and tailoring instruction to their interests and needs.

Key Points

• Discussion: Discussion encourages interaction, critical thinking, and expression of ideas. It involves students in the learning process and allows them to share their perspectives.
• Survey: Surveys involve students actively collecting data, forming questions, and exploring their environment. This approach fosters engagement and aligns with child-centered strategies.

Thus, (a) and (d) is the correct answer.

Hint

• Demonstration: Demonstration is a useful teaching method, it may not inherently be child-centered unless it actively involves students in hands-on activities or experiments related to the environmental studies.
• Lecture: Lecture-based teaching is traditionally more teacher-centered, as it involves the instructor imparting information to students. It might not align as closely with child-centered strategies.

An open-ended question is a type of question that does not limit respondents to specific options or a fixed set of answers. It encourages individuals to provide detailed and unrestricted responses in their own words.
Key Points

• If the sum of two numbers is 17, then what are the numbers? - This question is open-ended as it allows for multiple pairs of numbers that could add up to 17.
• Respondents have the freedom to provide various combinations.

Hint

• If the sum of two numbers is 15 and one of them is 7, what will be the other number? - This question is specific and has a unique answer. It is a closed-ended question because it limits the possible responses.
• If the age of Anil is 7 years and his father's age is 5 times more than that of Anil's age. What will be the age of the father? - This question is specific and has a clear answer. It is also a closed-ended question.
• What should be added to 17 to get 23? - This question has a specific answer. It is a closed-ended question because it has a clear and unique solution.

Therefore, the open-ended question is 'If the sum of two numbers is 17, then what are the numbers'?

There are many theories in psychology that are related to different schools of psychology such as cognitive, humanistic, behavioristic, etc. These theories are propounded by eminent psychologists to provide a framework to understand different aspects of human behavior.

• 'Lev Vygotsky', a Soviet psychologist, has propounded the "Socio-cultural Theory". This theory implies the idea that social interaction plays a crucial role in the learner's development.
• According to Vygotsky, social interaction is the primary cause of learners' development as his theory emphasizes that children learn through interaction and collaboration with skilled and knowledgeable people.

Key Points

• In his theory, Vygotsky proposed the term 'scaffolding' which refers to providing hints, prompts, and cues to children according to their individual needs.
• A teacher/adult can scaffold the child by adjusting the support offered to a child to fit the child's current level of performance and to help her to reach her zone of proximal development.
• Through scaffolding, required assistance and temporary support are imparted to the children to enhance their learning skills.

Hence, it could be concluded that according to Lev Vygotsky's theory of learning this strategy of learning will act as a scaffold for learning.

School is an agency for formal education that has its own structure and organization. It is governed by rules and regulations prescribed by the state.

• It is a place designed to provide an adequate learning environment for an effective teaching-learning process. It a miniature society where children learn by interacting with their environment.

Key Points

Role of school in achieving the aims of education:

• Preserving knowledge, values, customs, etc.

• Acting as an instrument for cultural change.
• Suggesting ways and means to social development.
• Socializing children for performing their future roles.
• Preserving and transmitting our cultural heritage.
• developing the whole child to his maximum potential.
• Making children literate and developing human resources.
• Helping learners in acquiring values, norms, beliefs, and traditions.
• Inculcating informal cues about social roles in learners through interaction.
• Providing ample opportunities to learners to foster their own learning strategies.

Hence, it could be concluded that developing ill-feeling among students due to casteism is incorrect regarding the role of school in achieving the aims of education.

The method that can help you improve your self-esteem by allowing you to confront your self-doubt and negative thoughts head-on is the Mirror Method. This technique involves looking at yourself in a mirror and saying positive affirmations to yourself, such as "I am worthy and deserving of love and respect."

• This helps to challenge negative self-talk and replace it with more positive and empowering thoughts.
• The other methods mentioned, such as the play-way method, demonstration method, and lecture method, may have their own benefits but are not specifically geared towards improving self-esteem through self-reflection and positive self-talk.

Key Points

• The Mirror Method is a powerful technique that involves looking at oneself in a mirror and saying positive affirmations to challenge negative self-talk. This method helps individuals to confront their self-doubt and negative thoughts head-on by observing their own facial expressions and body language while they speak positive affirmations. This process can be uncomfortable at first, but over time, it can help to rewire the brain to think more positively about oneself.
• On the other hand, the play-way method, demonstration method, and lecture method are not specifically designed to address negative self-talk or improve self-esteem. The play-way method is a learning technique that involves play and fun activities to facilitate learning. The demonstration method involves showing how to perform a task, and a lecture method is a form of teaching that involves the delivery of information through a speech or presentation.

While these methods may have their own benefits, they are not geared toward addressing negative self-talk or improving self-esteem. Therefore, the Mirror Method is the most suitable method to help individuals confront their negative self-talk and improve their self-esteem through positive affirmations and self-reflection.

Physical education:

• According to the Central Advisory Board of Physical Education and Recreation-
  • “Physical education is the process of education through physical activities.
  • It is the development of the total personality of the child to its fullness and perfection in body, mind, and spirit.

Key Points Children need:

• The mental, intellectual, emotional, and social development of a growing child is dependent and closely related to physical development.
• Physical activities provide opportunities for the children to fulfill basic needs like recognition, self-respect, belongingness, and love.
• When these needs are fulfilled, the individual becomes a well-adjusted social person.

Finance and facilities:

• A physical education facility is a building created for a physical education instructional programme.
• The success of the implementation of physical education will be aided by creative financing.
• The advancement of physical education will be greatly encouraged by financial policy support.

Objectives of physical education:

• Motor Development​:
  • The objective of motor development refers to the neuromuscular relationship of nerve or nerve fibre to the one that connects the central nervous system with muscles.
• Mental Development:
  • Mental development refers to the ability to think and solve problems effectively.
• Emotional Development:
  • This refers to a psychological situation of body and mind.
  • Emotion is a drive to do something.
• Moral Development:
  • Physical education also plays an important role in the moral development of a person.

Thus, religious grounds are not necessary to keep in mind in the course delivery of physical education.

The Revolt of 1857, also known as the Indian Rebellion of 1857 or the First War of Indian Independence, was a significant event in Indian history that had a profound impact on the country's political, social, and cultural landscape. The revolt began as a mutiny among Indian soldiers in the British East India Company's army in Meerut on May 10, 1857, and quickly spread to other parts of northern and central India.

Key Points

• After several months of fighting, the British finally regained control of the rebel-held territories. The revolt had a profound impact on Indian history, as it led to the end of the East India Company's rule and the beginning of direct British rule in India.
• The British government passed the Government of India Act of 1858, which transferred the powers of the East India Company to the British Crown. This marked the beginning of the British Raj in India, which lasted until India gained independence in 1947.

In conclusion, the immediate effect of the Revolt of 1857 was the end of the East India Company's rule in India. However, the rebellion did not lead to unity among Indian states, as it was not a coordinated effort by different Indian states but rather a series of local uprisings against British rule.

Extracurricular activities in the school system serve the purpose of providing students with additional opportunities to develop skills and interests.
Key Points

• These activities can range from sports teams to clubs and organizations, and can help students explore their passions and talents outside of the classroom.
• By participating in extracurricular activities, students can also build social connections and develop important life skills such as teamwork and leadership.

Hence, we can conclude that option 2 provides students with additional opportunities to develop skills and interests is correct.

Happiness research is a field of study that aims to understand the nature of happiness and well-being, and the factors that contribute to them. It involves the use of various research methods, including surveys, experiments, and brain imaging techniques, to measure and analyze subjective experiences and psychological states associated with happiness.

Key Points

• The key finding of happiness research is that both external and internal factors contribute to happiness. Therefore, the correct answer is option III.
• Statement I is incorrect because research shows that while external circumstances can have an impact on happiness, they are not the only determining factor.
• Statement II is also incorrect because although internal factors such as personality traits, mindset, and habits can contribute to happiness, they are not the only determining factor either.
• Statement IV is incorrect because happiness research is a well-established field that has identified numerous factors that contribute to happiness.