DSSSB PRT Mock Test - 3 - DSSSB TGT/PGT/PRT MCQ

From Statement 1:

We have, S visits the zoo immediately before Q, who visits on Friday.

Two persons visit between S and V.

From the statement, we cant find who visits zoo on sunday.

From Statement 2:

We have, only two people visits zoo after R.

V visits zoo two days before R.

Three people visits zoo between V and Q.

 From the statement, Q visits the zoo on Sunday.

Hence option D is correct.

Checking → statement I:

References:

P is married to U.

V is married to R.

Q is the husband of W.

S is the daughter-in-law of W.

Inferences:

From the above references, we can conclude the following:

So, we can’t conclude the relation between X and S.

Thus, statement I alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Checking → statement II

References:

V is the father of Q.

U is the mother-in-law of Q.

T is the sibling of X.

T is unmarried.

Inferences:

From the above reference, we can conclude the following:

So, we can’t conclude the relation between X and S.

Thus, statement II alone is not sufficient to answer the question.

Checking → statement I and II:

References:

P is married to U.

V is married to R.

Q is the husband of W.

S is the daughter-in-law of W.

V is the father of Q.

U is the mother-in-law of Q.

T is the sibling of X.

T is unmarried.

Inferences:

From the above references, we can conclude the following:

So, we can conclude that X is the husband of S.

Thus, statement I and II together is sufficient to answer the question.

Hence, option D is correct.

Using Rule 1 :
1st number × 2nd number = L.C. M. × H.C.F,
Required number

Let the no.s be a & b,

GCD [ a , b ] = 13;
=> Let a = 13m and b = 13n

Now, LCM [ a , b ] = 78
=> 13m | 78
=> m | 6 and similarly, n | 6; --> Also, m does not divide n

.'. Possible values of (m,n) are :-> 
[ 1 , 6 ] , [ 2 , 3 ]
.'. Possible values for ( a , b ) are :-> [ 13 , 78 ] , [ 26 , 39 ]

Explanation of Answer:

- Option A (always) contradicts the initial statement that Ms. Biethan is always in a good mood.
- Option B (usually) also contradicts the initial statement, as it implies that she is sad more often than not.
- Option C (never) is the correct answer, as it is consistent with the statement that she is always in a good mood.
- Option D (None of the above) is incorrect, as Option C is the correct choice.

So, the correct option is C (never). Ms. Biethan is always in a good mood, and she is never sad.

The word “deify” means to “worship or regard as a god.” For example: “she was deified by the early Romans as a fertility goddess”.

इनमें गैर उपसर्ग अरबी/फ़ारसी का है।

• गैर - अरबी/फ़ारसी का उपसर्ग
  • अर्थ - निषेध
  • शब्द - गैर-ज़िम्मेदार, गैरक़ानूनी, गैरमुल्क, गैरहाजिर

Key Pointsअन्य विकल्प -

• कु (हिन्दी का उपसर्ग)
  • अर्थ - बुरा
  • शब्द - कुमंत्रणा, कुप्रथा, कुचलना
• उप (संस्कृत का उपसर्ग)
  • अर्थ - निकट, सदृश, गौण
  • शब्द - उपदेश, उपवन, उपमंत्री
• भर (हिन्दी का उपसर्ग)
  • अर्थ - पूरा
  • शब्द - भरपेट, भरपूर, भरसक

Additional Informationउपसर्ग -

• उपसर्ग शब्द के शुरूआत में जुड़ते हैं और मूल शब्द का अर्थ बदल देते हैं।
• उदाहरण :- अप + यश = अपयश, अध + पका = अधपका, ना + लायक = नालायक, हाफ + टिकट = हाफटिकट आदि।
  • हिन्दी में मुख्यतः चार प्रकार के उपसर्ग होते है :-
    • संस्कृत के उपसर्ग (प्र, परा, अप, सम्, अनु, अव, निस्, निर्, दुस्, दुर्, वि, आङ्, नि, अधि, अपि, अति, सु, उत्, अभि, प्रति, परि तथा उप)
    • हिंदी के उपसर्ग (अन, अध, उन, औ, कु, चौ, पच, पर, बिन, भर, स, सह, चिर, न, बहु, आप, सम, दु)
    • उर्दू (अरबी/फ़ारसी) के उपसर्ग (ला, बद, बे, कम, ग़ैर, ना, खुश, हम, ऐन, सर, बेश, बा, अल)
    • अंग्रेजी के उपसर्ग (ब, हाफ, को, हैड, वाइस)

'ज्ञ' वर्ण के योग से बनता है - 'ज् + ञ'

• ज् + ञ = ज्ञ
  • यह एक संयुक्त व्यंजन है।
• संयुक्त व्यंजन में जो पहला व्यंजन होता है वो हमेशा स्वर रहित होता है और इसके विपरीत दूसरा व्यंजन हमेशा स्वर सहित होता है।
• जैसे -
  • ज् - स्वर रहित
  • ञ - स्वर सहित (ञ् + अ = ञ)

Key Points

• संयुक्त व्यंजन की हिंदी वर्णमाला में कुल संख्या 4 है-
  • क्ष - क् + ष = क्ष
  • त्र - त् + र = त्र
  • ज्ञ - ज् + ञ = ज्ञ
  • श्र - श् + र = श्र

Additional Informationसंयुक्त व्यंजन:-

• जो व्यंजन 2 या 2 से अधिक व्यंजनों के मिलने से बनते हैं उन्हें संयुक्त व्यंजन कहा जाता है।
• संयुक्त व्यंजन एक तरह से व्यंजन का ही एक प्रकार है।

• मुनि के पर्यायवाची शब्द - साधू, संत, मनीषी, महात्मा, ऋषि।
• मैना के पर्यायवाची - सारी, सारिका, त्रिलोचना, मधुरालाषा, कलहप्रिया।

Additional Information

Children are ready to perform skilled activities like writing, sewing, knitting, weaving, etc. only by the age of 5 years.

Key Points

• Prehension is the ability to grasp objects with the forefinger and thumb working smoothly in opposition.
• Without the development of prehension, skilled activities such as those mentioned above would be difficult to perform.
• The infant is born with the ability to grasp objects. By eight or nine months the forefinger and thumb work smoothly in opposition and the infant can pick up and hold small things. Eye-hand coordination also improves. It is common to see one-year-old crawling and picking up small things like pebbles, seeds, grains, etc., from the floor and putting them into the mouth.

Thus, it is concluded that Prehension is the ability to grasp objects with the forefinger and thumb working smoothly in opposition.

Additional Information

• Handedness means the predominant use of one hand over the others. Most babies feel equally at ease with and are able to use both hands, but by the age of two, they will show a definite preference for either the left or the right hand.

• Hebb's theory suggests that repetition and practice are essential for learning. According to the theory, when neural circuits are repeatedly activated, their connections become stronger, leading to more efficient and effective learning. Repetition and practice play a crucial role in strengthening these neural connections.
• Hebb's theory has implications for the development of adaptive learning technologies. With an understanding of how neurons strengthen connections through repeated and simultaneous activation, educational technologies can be designed to adapt to individual learning patterns. Adaptive learning technologies can personalize the learning experience, adjusting content and pacing to suit the needs of each learner, thereby enhancing learning outcomes.

Thus, it is concluded that Both statements I and II are correct regarding Hebb's theory.

Pregnancy refers to the stage when a woman carries developing offspring within the body. For a healthy delivery, it is necessary to avoid any kind of drug, alcohol, and chemical unless they are professionally recommended by the doctors.

Key Points Fetal alcohol syndrome is a disease that is caused by excessive alcohol intake in the first twelve weeks (trimester) of pregnancy. Some studies have shown that even moderate alcohol use during pregnancy may cause learning disabilities in children.

• One of the most dangerous drugs for pregnant women to consume is alcohol.
• Because alcohol is delivered quickly into the blood and passes quickly into the tissues and membranes, the human fetus is particularly vulnerable to its effects.
• In fact, the negative effects on a fetus are so pronounced that babies born after exposure to alcohol are said to be suffering from fetal alcohol syndrome.
• And, what is more, the concentration of alcohol in the fetus is exactly the same as in the mother.
• For the mother, this concentration is not a problem because her liver can remove one ounce of alcohol from her system per hour. However, the fetus's liver is not completely developed.

Hence, it could be concluded that an infant likely to suffer from 'Fetal Alcohol Syndrome' if the mother consumed large amounts of alcohol during pregnancy.

Additional Information

• Humans grow and change physically at all phases of development, particularly during childhood and adolescence. This is the physical domain. This domain encompasses how people see the environment as development proceeds as a result of physical development and interactions, which occurs when the physical changes are at their greatest.
• The psychological field is concerned with how well a person fits into their surroundings. The process of adjustment is crucial to an organism's existence. The kid must learn how to do things that were taken care of while they were still within their mother's womb, such as sucking, eating, urinating, breathing on their own, and eliminating on their own. As the kid gets older, adjustments are also needed to help them learn to eat on their own and eliminate when necessary rather than simply when they want to. The youngster must learn how to walk, talk, express himself or herself, and other skills. Again, all of these modifications are required if the infant is to live.

Hence, it is concluded that both A and B are true.

Psychology is the study of the human mind and Behavior. It is basically divided into

1. Basic Psychology: which frames theories behind all psychological processes like learning, memory, personality, Intelligence etc.
2. Applied Psychology: Here in Applied Psychology, the various fields of application of psychological constructs is included.

Key Points Industrial Psychology:

• Industrial Psychology is the applied branch of Psychology that studies people at work.
• The first application of psychology to the problems of industries and organizations was the selection and recruitment of employees by using intelligence, and aptitude tests.
• Specialists in this field also apply psychology to problems related to management and employee training, leadership and supervision, communication, motivation, and inter- and intra-group conflict within the organization.
• They organize on-the-job training programmes for improving work environments and human relations in organizations and work settings.
• These psychologists are sometimes called personnel psychologists.

Hence, it can be concluded that the branch of psychology which studies people at work is known as Industrial Psychology.

Jacksonian seizures are the kind of seizures that are characterized by simple partial seizures. Jacksonian seizures are caused due to the abnormal firing of the neurons in the brain.

Key Points

• The jacksonian disorder is a type of seizure that occurs due to abnormal firing of the neurons in the brain.
• Jacksonian seizures start from one part of the body and then affect the whole body.
• Jacksonian seizures generally occur in parts of the body such as the side of the face, toes, fingers, etc.
• Jacksonian seizures are also called a Jacksonian march as they begin with a tingling sensation and march to other parts of the body.
• Jacksonian seizures generally last 30- 60 seconds.

Thus, it can be concluded that both statements I and II are correct.

Disabilities can be physical in nature, cognitive, behavioral, or even emotional. Disability is an impairment that may be cognitive, development, intellectual, activity, limitations, sensory, or some combination of these. It substantially affects a person's life activities and may be present from birth or occur during a person's lifetime.

Key Points

The Disabled Act 1975 is a landmark Act for equalization of opportunities and protection of rights for children with disabilities.

The Declaration of the Rights of Disabled persons was a declaration of the General Assembly of the United Nations made on 9 Dec 1975.

• In 1971, the UN General Assembly adopted the "Declaration on the Rights of Mentally Retarded Persons" which states that people with mental impairments are entitled to the same rights that their fellow men enjoy in medical care and economic security, and the right to live in family and community. This remains the Magna Carta of the rights of mentally retarded persons even today.
• An important first step in the global recognition of equal rights of disabled persons was the "Declaration of the Rights of Disabled Persons" adopted by the UN General Assembly in 1975.

Important PointsProvisions of the Declaration include:

1. The definition of " disabled person" is anyone who cannot ensure the necessities of a normal individual and or social life as a result of a deficiency in physical or mental capabilities.
2. A non-discrimination clause applying the Rights to all disabled persons regardless of " race, color, sex, language, religion, political or other opinions, national or social origin, state of wealth, birth " or other situation
3. Anna's statement regarding disabled person's right to respect their human dignity.

Hence, according to the Declaration On The Rights of Disabled Persons (1975), all of the above rights given to a disabled person.

All of the above are dialects of Prakrit language.Key Points

• The Prakrit language, which evolved from the ancient Indian language Sanskrit, gave rise to various dialects.
• Three prominent dialects of Prakrit are Maharashtri, Shauraseni, and Magadhi.
• These dialects were spoken in different regions of ancient India and played significant roles in the development of classical Indian literature and religious texts.
• Maharashtri:
  • Maharashtri was primarily spoken in the western region of India, particularly in the present-day Maharashtra and Gujarat.
  • It gained prominence during the reign of the Satavahana dynasty and was widely used for administrative and literary purposes.
  • Many famous literary works, including the early Jain and Buddhist texts, were composed in Maharashtri Prakrit.
• Shauraseni:
  • Shauraseni Prakrit was prevalent in the northern and central parts of ancient India, including the areas of modern-day Uttar Pradesh, Madhya Pradesh, and Rajasthan.
  • It became the literary language of choice during the Gupta period (4th to 6th centuries CE).
  • Notable works such as the plays of Kalidasa, including "Abhijnanasakuntalam" and "Meghaduta," were written in Shauraseni Prakrit.
• Magadhi:
  • Magadhi Prakrit was spoken in the eastern region of India, particularly in the kingdom of Magadha, which corresponds to present-day Bihar and parts of Bengal.
  • It was the native language of Lord Buddha and played a crucial role in the spread of Buddhism.

  • Many early Buddhist texts, such as the Tripitaka, were composed in Magadhi Prakrit.

These three dialects of Prakrit had their own unique features and contributed significantly to the development of regional literature, religious texts, and the evolution of Indo-Aryan languages in ancient India.

Language is an important component of development and it also helps in effective communication. Language skills develop and enhances in children from a very young age.

Key Points

• Mother tongue and multilingualism should be promoted for children at the primary stage.
• Multilingualism is the knowledge of more than one language, in both spoken and written aspects.
• It enhances the cognitive skills of the children.
• It also enhances the perspectives of the children.
• Hindi and English are not spoken everywhere. Hence, focusing on these two languages only is not appropriate.
• Mother tongue or some common language should be the medium for instructions for everyone's understanding.

Thus, it can be concluded that only statement II is correct.

Problem-solving is a cognitive process that involves defining a problem, identifying potential solutions, and evaluating and implementing a solution.

Key Points

• Encouraging children to make intuitive guesses is an effective strategy for promoting problem-solving skills because it allows them to explore different approaches and develop their own understanding of the problem-solving process.
• By making guesses, children can test their hypotheses, identify patterns, and refine their thinking.
• This process of exploration and experimentation can lead to a deeper understanding of the problem and more creative solutions.

Hint

• Discouraging multiple perspectives and guesses can stifle creativity and limit the exploration of different approaches.
• Writing step-by-step solutions to the problem can deprive children of the opportunity to develop their own problem-solving strategies.
• Focusing on the reproduction of textbook knowledge can lead to rote memorization and a lack of understanding of the underlying concepts.

Therefore, encouraging children to make intuitive guesses is a valuable strategy for promoting problem-solving skills in the classroom.

Sigmund Freud (1856-1939) is known as the father of psychoanalysis. His theory of psychoanalysis is dynamic and based on the assumption that personality and personality development are determined by conflicts and events that are largely unconscious in nature.

Key Points

• The concepts of id, ego, and superego are proposed by 'Sigmund Freud in his 'Psychoanalytic Theory of Personality.
• Freud used these three concepts to describe the three parts of the human personality and to explain the way the human mind works.
• According to Freud, the human personality is made up of three major systems: the id, ego, and superego.
• These three systems work together cooperatively and constitute a well-organized personality in a person and enable the person to interact with the external environment.
• According to Freud, there are certain aspects of a person's personality that are more dominant than others and might determine his behaviour.
• Let's discuss these terms in brief:

The id

• The id is the primitive and instinctive component of personality.
• It consists of all the inherited (i.e., biological) components of personality present at birth, including the sex (life) instinct – Eros (which contains the libido), and the aggressive (death) instinct - Thanatos.
• The id is the impulsive (and unconscious) part of our psyche which response directly and immediately to basic urges, needs, and desires.
• The personality of the newborn child is all id and only later does it develop an ego and super-ego.

The super-ego

• It operates as a moral conscience.
• The superego incorporates the values and morals of society which are learned from one's parents and others.
• It develops around the age of 3 – 5 years during the phallic stage of psychosexual development.

The ego

• It is the realistic part that mediates between the desires of the id and the super-ego.
• The ego is 'that part of the id which has been modified by the direct influence of the external world.'
• Freud made the analogy of the id being a horse while the ego is the rider. The ego is 'like a man on horseback, who has to hold in check the superior strength of the horse.'

Therefore, from the above discussion, it is concluded that (I) and (III) are incorrect statements.

Modern Cognitive theory is an approach to psychology that attempts to explain human behavior by understanding your thought processes.
Key Points There are some essential points related to Modern Cognitive Theory.

• Modern Cognitive theory suggests people’s interpretations of events.
• Modern Cognitive theories emphasize the creative process and person.
• Ausubel believes that learning new knowledge relies on what is already known.
• There are four types of learning; Rote learning, Meaningful Learning, Receptive Learning, and Discovery Learning given by David Ausubel.
• Rote learning is a memorization technique based on repetition.
• Meaningful learning refers to the concept.
• In receptive or passive learning, the direction of learning is from written or spoken form to meaning.
• The Discovery Learning Method is a constructivist theory.

Hence we can say that Rote learning, Meaningful learning, Receptive learning, and Discovery learning are the four types of Modern Cognitive Theory

Critical thinking is a process that challenges an individual to use reflective reasonable, rational thinking to gather, interpret, and evaluate information in order to derive a judgment.

Sir Francis Burton noticed that the individuals who are regarded as critical thinkers are

• Inquisitive
• See relationships as well as distinctions among things
• Ask questions
• Reflect
• Consider multiple points of view
• Support their viewpoints and argues on the basis of evidence and reasons
• Capable to judge the credibility of sources and make independent decisions about information
• Alert to all deception.

So, we can say that all the above points are related to individuals who are regarded as critical thinkers.

Additional Points to boost your preparation:

Developing a habit of questioning is basic to critical thinking. According to Edward Glaser, there are a few abilities underlie critical thinking.

• They are the ability to Recognise problems
• Find workable means to meet those problems
• Gather and marshal pertinent information
• Recognise unstated assumptions and values
• Comprehend and use language with accuracy, clarity and discrimination
• Interpret data
• Appraise evidence and evaluate statements
• Recognize logical connections between statements
• Draw warranted conclusions and generalizations
• Test the conclusions and generalizations arrived at

Socialization is a process that develops the social nature of an individual that enables him to participate in social life. It helps to determine what one communicates in society and the influence of one's interaction with society.

• It can be comprehensively defined as a life-long process of inculcation through which an individual learns the principles, values, and symbols of the social system in which he participates and the expression of those values and norms in the roles he enacts.

Key Points

Hence, we can conclude that the process of enculturation makes our elders desire that the new and upcoming generation follows cultural practices wholeheartedly.

The process of socialization includes communicating with another person or a group of people. It involves actively listening to the other person and also effectively reverting the other person.

Key Points

• Parents/Family is the primary agent of anticipatory socialization.
• Anticipatory socialization involves viewing and imitating the people or members of the group, an individual was supposed to join.
• Some pioneers suggest that parents are the primary source of anticipatory socialization when it comes to socializing their children for future careers or social roles.
• For example, a child is made to leave home to stay in a boarding school with the anticipation of better socialization.
• For instance, understanding the rules of one's culture can be better done by the people of the same culture, that is family.
• Anticipatory training involves training, play-acting, rehearsing, etc.
• Anticipatory socialization is important to become a part of some social group.

Thus, it can be concluded that Family is the Primary agent of anticipatory socialization.

Teach For India is a non-profit organization that aims to provide quality education to children from low-income communities in India. The organization selects and trains young professionals and graduates to become teachers and leaders in these under-resourced schools.

Key Points

Here are some key points to understand about Teach For India:

• The organization was founded in 2008 by Shaheen Mistri, who was inspired by the Teach for America model.
• The vision of Teach For India is to build a movement of leaders who will work toward eliminating educational inequity in India.
• Teach For India aims to provide quality education to children from economically disadvantaged backgrounds, and thus it recruits and trains top college graduates and young professionals as Fellows. These Fellows are placed in under-resourced schools for two years, where they work with students and the community to improve educational outcomes and drive systemic change.

Overall, Teach For India is a powerful movement that is creating a positive impact on the lives of thousands of children from low-income communities in India, while also developing a generation of leaders who are committed to working towards a more equitable and just society.

Understanding the plantar grasp reflex is important for parents and caregivers, as it can provide insight into the newborn's physical development and neurological function. The plantar grasp reflex is one of several reflexes that newborns exhibit in response to different types of stimuli.

Key Points

• The plantar grasp reflex is a reflexive movement of a newborn's foot in response to the stimulation of the sole of the foot.
• When pressure is applied to the sole of the foot, the newborn will curl their toes and grip the object or surface with their foot.
• This reflex is present from birth and typically disappears around 9 months of age.
• The plantar grasp reflex is a natural and automatic response that helps newborns to grasp onto objects or surfaces using their feet.
• This reflex is typically present from birth and can be observed by gently stimulating the sole of the foot with a finger or other object.
• The reflex should disappear around 9 months of age as the newborn's nervous system continues to develop and other motor skills, such as crawling and walking, begin to emerge.

Hence, it can be concluded that only option 2 is the correct answer.

Additional Information

• The rooting reflex, as previously discussed, is an automatic response of a newborn turning their head and opening their mouth when their cheek is stroked or touched.
• The Moro reflex is a startle reflex that occurs when a newborn is suddenly jolted or feels like they are falling.
• The newborn will throw their arms and legs out, then quickly bring them back in, as if trying to grasp onto something.