APSET Paper 2 Mock Test - 9 (History) - AP TET MCQ

The correct answer is Karauli.

Important Points

• The Karauli treaty was signed by the British and the Maratha's in the year 1817 AD.
• Arjun Deo was the founder of the state Karauli in 1348 AD.
• Maratha's ruled Karauli till the 18th century and later they were defeated by the British army.
• Later they signed the treaty with the East India Company and became a British protectorate state.
• Ganesh pal (1940-1947) was the last ruler of the karauli princely state.

​Additional Information

• The Maharaj of karauli is considered as the head of the Jadaun clan of Rajputs.
• The karauli kings claim they are the descendants of Lord Krishna.
• Arjun Deo recovered land lost by his ancestors and then created the karauli kingdom in 1348 AD.
• Jaduan ruler Gopal das played an important role in the foundation of the Agra Fort on the orders of the Mughal emperor.

The correct answer is Option 3.

Key Points

• The self-respect movement led by E. V. Ramaswami Naicker and the Mahad Satyagraha by Dr B.R Ambedkar was caste-based movements. Hence statement 1 is correct.
  • They fought against the oppression by upper castes and for the upliftment of the depressed classes and untouchables. Hence statement 2 is correct.
• These movements did not occur as an offshoot of the NonCooperation movement.
  • They happened after the Non- Cooperation movement but were the result of the awakened consciousness of the educated amongst the depressed classes. Hence statement 3 is incorrect.

​Self-respect movement

• Self-Respect Movement was a dynamic social movement aimed at destroying the contemporary Hindu social order in its totality and creating a new, rational society without caste, religion and god.
• The self-Respect Movement was started by E.V. Ramaswamy Naicker in Tamil Nadu in 1925.
• It was an egalitarian movement that propagated the ideologies of breaking down the Brahminical hegemony, equal rights for the backward classes and women in the society and revitalization of the Dravidian languages like Telugu, Tamil, Kannada, and Malayalam

The Mahad Satyagraha

• In 1926, the Municipal Board of Mahad, Maharashtra passed orders to throw open the famous tank of Mahad city to all communities.
• Earlier, untouchables were not allowed to use water from the Mahad tank.
• High-caste Hindus opposed this order of the Municipal Board.
• In response, Ambedkar organized a conference of ten thousand untouchable delegates at Mahad on March 20, 1927, to support the decision of the Municipal Board.
• Ambedkar, in his presidential address, stressed the necessity of rooting out ideas of highness or lowness and inculcating self-elevation through self-help, self-respect and self-knowledge.
• After the conference, all delegates marched to the tank and asserted their right to drink and take water from the tank.
• A Satyagrah Conference was organised at Mahad on December 25, 1925, which demanded that Hindu society should be organised on the basis of equality and the absence of casteism.
• It was also resolved to burn Manusmriti, as according to Ambedkar, it perpetuated the social, economic, religious and political slavery of the untouchables.
• As per the resolution, Manusmriti was burnt on December 25, 1927.

Legacy of Mahad Satyagraha

• Mahad Satyagraha was the first collective protest of untouchables under the leadership of Dr Bhim Rao Ambedkar.
• This movement was withdrawn but gave confidence to the untouchables to fight against social disability.
• Every year, March 20 is observed as Social Empowerment day in India to commemorate the Mahad Satyagrah

​So, option 1 is correct.

Nizam-ul-Mulk was disgusted with the fickle-mindedness and suspicious nature of the Emperor and the constant quarrels at the court. He was the most powerful noble of the time, decided to pursue his own ambition.

He was the wazir of the Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah in 1722, and had a vigorous attempt to reform the administration. He decided to leave the emperor and the empire to their fate and to strike out on his own. He relinquished his office in October 1724 and marched South to form the state of Hyderabad in the Deccan.

The Sufi poet who talks of printed cloth as khand chap was Mulla Daud.

Key Points

• Textile production was the biggest industry of India during the Sultanate period.
• It included the manufacture of cotton cloth, woollen cloth and silk.
• Cotton cloth itself could be divided into two categories - the coarse (kamin) and the fine (mahin).
• Various varieties of cloth was both painted, and printed by using blocks of wood.
• Thus, the 14th century Sufi Hindi poet, Mulla Daud, talks of printed cloth as khand chap.
• Apart from the manufacture of cloth, other miscellaneous goods such as carpets, prayer carpets, coverlets, bedding, bed-strings etc. were also manufactured in other parts of Gujarat.
• The production of cloth improved during this period because of the introduction of the spinning-wheel (charkha).
• Weaving was improved by providing additional straddles on the loom.

• Block printing (chap) mentioned by the Hindi poet Mulla Daud in the 14th century also became more wide spread.

Therefore, we can conclude that the Sufi poet who talks of printed cloth as khand chap was Mulla Daud.

Administration in Delhi Sultanate:

• Finance: Diwan-i-Wizrat
• Military: Diwas-i-Ariz
• Judicial: Diwan-i-Qaza
• Foreign Affairs: Diwan-i-Rasalat. Hence, option A is correct.
• Cooperation: Diwan-i-Insha

Kalighat painting was a product of the changing urban society of the nineteenth-century Calcutta. It was first of its kind in the Indian subcontinent that expressed subaltern sentiment and addressed customers directly. It started on a religious note with the subjects being Hindu Gods and Goddesses along with their incarnations. However, over time, social sentiments were expressed in the medium of paper and colours.

Bahadur Shah had tried to conciliate the rebellious Sikhs by making peace with Guru Gobind Singh and giving him a high mansab. But after his death, the Sikhs once again raised the banner of revolt in Punjab under the leadership of Banda Bahadur. The emperor decided to take strong measures and himself led a campaign against the rebels.

Bahadur Shah made peace with Chhatarsal, the Bundela chief, who remained a loyal feudatory, and the Jat chief Churaman, who joined him in the campaign against Banda Bahadur.

Ajanta caves in Aurangabad district of Maharashtra are about 30 rock-cut Buddhist cave monuments. These caves are inspired from Jataka tales. Chinese Buddhist travelers, Fa-hien and Hiuen Tsang, refer to Ajanta in their travelogues to India. Ellora caves are located in Maharastra with 34 caves. These caves presents monuments and artwork of not only Hinduism but also of Buddhism and Jainism.

The Vedic literature was composed in Sanskrit. The correct sequence of Vedic literature is Vedic Samhitas, Brahmanas, Aranyakas, Upnishadas.

Planning Commission

• It was established on 15 March 1950, with Jawaharlal Nehru as its chairman. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• It was an advisory body(not executive), charged with the responsibility to make an assessment of all resources of the country and devise long-term strategies for the development of India. Hence, statement 2 is not correct.
• It was adopted from the Soviet-style of economic planning.
• The First Five Year Plan (1951-56) had to meet the immediate crisis after the Indo-Pak War (1947-48), focussing mainly on agricultural development, and on making India self-sufficient.
• In next year’s plans, there was a shift in favor of heavy industries combined with promoting labor-intensive small-scale industries.
• There was a focus on reducing unemployment and focus on growth with equity.
• Accordingly, option A is correct.

The correct answer is All of the above.

Key Points

• Swadeshi and Boycott Movement:
  • The leaders from Bengal felt that mere demonstrations, public meetings, and resolutions were not likely to affect much to the British.
  • Hence, they decided to start Swadeshi and Boycott movement.
  • Mass meetings were held all over Bengal where Swadeshi (use of Indian goods) and boycott of British goods were proclaimed. Hence, statement 2 is correct
  • ln many places, public burnings of foreign cloth was also organised and those shops who were selling foreign cloth were picketed.
    • This movement gave a great deal of encouragement to Indian industries.
  • Many textile mills, handloom weaving concerns, national banks, soap and match factories and insurance companies were opened during this duration. Hence, statement 3 is correct.
  • The Swadeshi movement was an immense success and was a befitting reply for the partition of Bengal. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
  • Acharya Prafulla Chandra Ray organised his famous Bengal Chemical Swadeshi Stores. Hence statement 4 is correct
    • He was the founder of Bengal Chemicals & Pharmaceuticals.
    • It was India's first pharmaceutical company.
  • 

Mohiniyattam is one of the two classical dances of India that developed and gained popularity in the state of Kerala. The other classical dance form from Kerala is Kathakali.

Mohiniyattam's roots, like all classical Indian dances, are in the Natya Shastra – the ancient Hindu Sanskrit text on performance arts. However, it follows the Lasya style described in Natya Shastra that is a dance which is delicate, eras-filled and feminine. It is traditionally a solo dance performed by women after extensive training.

It is a solo dance performance that incorporates lasya and tandava styles.

It is a technique based on Kathakali.

Parallel government during Quit India Movement.

• The prominent parallel governments were formed in the states of Uttar Pradesh, Bengal, and Maharashtra.
• Patri Sarkar was the parallel government formed in the city of Maharashtra.
• When a person or a group of people forms another government in the presence of the main government, it is known as Parallel government.
• In 1942, the Quit India movement became the ultimate landmark in India's match towards freedom.
• The Quit India movement was primarily a campaign or a strategy to force the British government through discussion to execute the Independence of India.
• During the Quit India Movement, mass agitation and violent actions took place in different parts of the country.
• These groups tried to control different towns, cities, and villages, while few of the factions were able to establish independent governments.
• These were the parallel governments. Some of these governments were not able to survive for long but they had the abilities and skill to manage the state and government on their own.
• Four crucial parallel governments were made in Ballia in Uttar Pradesh, Tamluk or Midnapur in Bengal, Satara in Maharashtra, and Talcher in Orissa.
• The Parallel government in Satara, in the state of Maharashtra, was known as Patri Sarkar was the most prominent among all as it continued for three years.
• The Patri Sarkar, the local independent government in Satara district had a judicial branch made up of people's court.
• Through consensus, decisions were made. To protect the government from the attack of the British forces, a group of young men was formed.
• Hence, 1st option the correct answer.

Jama Masjid is also known as ‘Shan-i-Fatehpur’.

• Harsha was the younger son of Prabhakar Vardhana (First king of the Vardhana dynasty)
• After Prabhakar Vardhana died in 605 AD, his eldest son, Rajya Vardhana, ascended the throne.
• Harsha followed a tolerant religious policy. A Shaiva in his early years, he gradually became a great patron of Buddhism. Hence statement 1 is correct.
• In revenge, for his brother’s murder, he defeated Shashanka and captured Kannauj, and made it capital. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
• Chalukya king Pulkeshin-II defeated Harshavardhan near the Narmada river.
• Hence, option B is correct.

The treaty of Surat was signed between Raghunath Rao and English on 7th March 1775. Raghunath Rao asked for the help of the English to restore himself in Poona by ceding Salsette and Bassein.

Tayaumanavar (1706-44), is one of the spiritual giants and a Tamil philosopher. He articulated the Saiva Siddhanta philosophy. He was one of the best exponent of sittar poetry in Tamil. Heer Ranjha, the famous romantic epic in Punjabi, was composed at this time was Warris Shah. For Sindhi literature, the 18th century was a period of enormous achievement. Shah Abdul Latif composed his famous collection of poems, Risalo.

Bhakti Movement

• Bhakti as a religious concept means devotional surrender to a supreme God for attaining salvation. It is a mixture of devotion with love for God. Hence, statement 1 is correct.
• The word Bhakti traces its origin to Pali literature dating 8th century BC, the Bhagavad Gita, and the Chhandogya Upanishad. The term first appeared in Pali literature, not the Bhagavad Gita. Hence, statement 2 is incorrect.
• It was based on religious equality and social participation.

Among the given options, only A and C are correct.

Key Points

• The Bengal Army, which in strength formed the bulk of India’s three Presidency Armies, had been serving as the ‘sword arm’ of British Imperialism not only in India but also other countries.

• The recruits in Bengal Army primarily came from an area comprising the present territories of Uttar Pradesh, Western Bihar and Haryana.

• Another point about the Bengal Army was that it was recruited largely on a caste basis.

• The Brahmins and the Rajputs constituted a very large part of the army.

• The Brahmins were often literate, and were seen to be more prone to accept the discipline needed for modern warfare, than the usual ‘martial’ elements in traditional Indian armies.

• On the other hand, the Rajputs were recruited due to their physical strength and prior military experiences.

Hence, we can conclude that the Brahmins and the Rajputs were dominating group among the sepoys of Bengal Army around 1857.

General Service Enlistment Act was passed by Lord Canning's government in 1856 to prevent any kind of resistance from the sepoys against their deployment abroad.

Important Points

• The Indian soldiers nurtured grievances against the British as they were forced to go to the military expeditions to Burma and Afghanistan, which violated their religious scruples.
• Besides, crossing the seas was prohibited by the religion as the one who crossed the forbidden seas was bound to lose his caste.
• In order to prevent any kind of resistance from the sepoys against their deployment abroad, Lord Canning's government passed the General Service Enlistment Act in 1856.

• By this act, all future recruiters to the Bengal Army were required to give an undertaking that they would serve anywhere, their services would be required.

Based on the above discussion, we can conclude that General Service Enlistment Act was passed by Lord Canning's government in 1856 to prevent any kind of resistance from the sepoys against their deployment abroad.

The correct answer is Number of ploughs.

Key Points

• Number of ploughs systems of levying land revenue in Deccan was prevalent during the reign of Akbar.
• A major extension of the Zabt system occurred in the later years of Shahjahan's reign when it was established in the Deccan by Murshid Quill Khan.
• Zabt system was applied in northern India and in Malwa and parts of Gujarat.
• It was framed during the Mughal period and was prevalent in Akbar's period.
• It was a new land measurement system.
• The ploughed/sown area is measured by bamboos which are attached to iron rings.
• It is also called Todar Mal's Bandobast.
• The land was divided into 4 categories in this system
  • Poolaj
  • Parauti
  • Chachar
  • Banjar
• Another land revenue system developed by Akbar was - Ghallabakshi and Kankut in which the produce was divided between the state and the peasants in a fixed proportion.
• When the crops were ruined due to natural calamity, peasants could choose between Ghallabakshi or Zabti system.​

The correct answer is Narasimhavarman II.

Key Points

• Pallava king Narsimhavarman II built Shore temple at Mamallapuram and Kailasanathar at Kanchipuram.
• Pallava Dynasty:
  • Kalabhras ruled for 250 years after Sangam Age in Tamil country.
  • The Pallava dynasty is situated in Tondaimandalam and the capital at Kanchipuram.The
  • Source of Pallava was disputed while many consider them to be natives.
  • They Issued earlier inscriptions in Sanskrit & Prakrit & patronized Brahmanism.
  • Samundragupta was defeated by Vishnugopa in his Southern expedition.

Additional Information

The stance of the Virashaiva movement on ritual and idol worship on they were against all forms of ritual and idol worship. Key Points

• The Virashaiva movement was a 12th-century religious reform movement in Karnataka, India, that emphasized the equality of all people and rejected the caste system.
• The movement was founded by Basavanna, who was also known as Basava, and his followers.
• One of the key tenets of the Virashaiva movement was its opposition to ritual and idol worship.
• Basavanna and his followers believed that these practices were unnecessary and that true devotion could be expressed through personal experience and inward reflection.
• They also argued that ritual and idol worship could lead to social divisions and inequality.
• The Virashaiva movement's stance on ritual and idol worship was a radical departure from the religious practices of the time.
• However, it was also a reflection of the movement's commitment to social justice and equality.
• The Virashaivas believed that everyone, regardless of their social status, had the right to experience the divine directly.
• The Virashaiva movement's stance on ritual and idol worship had a significant impact on the religious landscape of Karnataka.
• It helped to pave the way for the development of other reform movements, such as the Lingayat movement, and it continues to inspire people today.
• Here are some quotes from Basavanna that illustrate his views on ritual and idol worship:
  • ​​"Rituals are like a ladder. Once you have climbed up, you need not carry it with you."
  • "The image of God is not in a temple, but in the heart of a devotee."
  • "The true worship of God is to serve the poor and the needy."
• The Virashaiva movement's stance on ritual and idol worship is still relevant today.
• It challenges us to think critically about our own religious practices and to question whether they are truly helpful or harmful.
• It also reminds us that the essence of religion is not about following rules or performing rituals, but about connecting with the divine in a personal and meaningful way.

The correct answer is Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay.

• Kamaladevi Chattopadhyay was a freedom fighter, social reformer, and was the driving force behind the renaissance of Indian handicrafts, handlooms, and theatre in post-independence India.
• Kamaladevi was part of Gandhi’s salt satyagraha and was arrested for trying to sell contraband salt in the Bombay Stock Exchange.
  • She was imprisoned for almost one year.
• She was a feminist of her age and even spoke against Gandhi’s stance of not including women in the Dandi March.

Important Points

The correct answer is 1, 2 and 3.

Key Points

Who are Paikas?

• Recruited since the 16th century by kings in Odisha from a variety of social groups to render martial services in return for rent-free land (nish-kar jagirs) and titles.
• They were the traditional land-owning militia of Odisha and served as warriors. Hence statement 1 is correct.

How did the rebellion begin?

• When armies of the East India Company overran most of Odisha in 1803, the Raja of Khurda lost his primacy and the power and prestige of the Paikas went on a decline. So, they rebelled back. Hence statement 2 is correct.
• The British were not comfortable with these aggressive, warlike new subjects and set up a commission under Walter Ewer to look into the issue.
• The commission recommended that the hereditary rent-free lands granted to the Paikas be taken over by the British administration and this recommendation was zealously adhered to. They revolted against the British. Hence statement 3 is correct.
• Bakshi Jagabandhu Bidyadhar Mohapatra Bharamarbar Rai, the highest-ranking military general of King Khorda Mukund Dev II, led the Paikas to join the uprising.
• However, the rebellion also had several other underlying causes – like the rise in the price of salt, abolition of the cowrie currency for payment of taxes and an overtly extortionist land revenue policy.

Outcome:

• Although initially, the Company struggled to respond they managed to put down the rebellion by May 1817. Many of the Paik leaders were hanged or deported. Jagabandhu surrendered in 1825.

Nationalist movement or a peasant rebellion?

• The Paika Rebellion is one of the peasant rebellions that took place in India when the British East India Company was expanding its military enterprise. Because these uprisings violently clashed with European colonialists and missionaries on many occasions, their resistance is sometimes seen as the first expression of resistance against colonial rule — and therefore considered to be “nationalist” in nature.”

Important Points

• Union Culture Minister recently made the following recommendation regarding the Paika Rebellion:
• “The 1817 Paika rebellion of Odisha could not be called the first war of Independence, but considering it as the beginning of a popular uprising against the British, it would be included as a case study in the Class 8 National Council of Educational Research and Training (NCERT) history textbook.”

The correct answer is 2 only.

​Key Points

• Weaknesses of peasant movement:
  • There was a lack of an adequate understanding of colonialism. Hence statement 1 is not correct.
  • The 19th-century peasants did not possess a new ideology and a new social, economic and political programme. Hence statement 2 is correct.
  • These struggles, however militant, occurred within the framework of the old societal order lacking a positive conception of an alternative society.

Important Points

• Changed Nature of Peasant Movements after 1857:
  • Peasants emerged as the main force in agrarian movements, fighting directly for their own demands.
  • The demands were centred almost wholly on economic issues.
  • The movements were directed against the immediate enemies of the peasant—foreign planters and indigenous zamindars and moneylenders.
  • The struggles were directed towards specific and limited objectives and redressal of particular grievances.
  • Colonialism was not the target of these movements.
  • It was not the objective of these movements to end the system of subordination or exploitation of the peasants.
  • Territorial reach was limited.
  • There was no continuity of struggle or long-term organisation.
  • The peasants developed a strong awareness of their legal rights and asserted them in and outside the courts.

The correct answer is 1 and 2 only​.

• Correct matched option:

Key Points

• Araghatta
  • The word Araghatta has been used in the ancient texts to describe the Persian Wheel.
  • The ‘ara-ghatta’ comes from the combination of the words ‘ara’ meaning spoke and ‘ghatta’ meaning pot.
  • It is used to lift water from water sources typically open wells.
• Kornish
  • Kornish was a form of ceremonial salutation
  • In Kornish the courtier placed the palm of his right hand against his forehead and bent his head.
  • It suggested that the subject placed his head – the seat of the senses and the mind – into the hand of humility, presenting it to the royal assembly.
• Nauroz
  • Balban introduced the Persian festival of Nauroz.
  • It was celebrated to impress the nobles and people with his wealth and power.

Additional Information

• Balban
  • ​Ghiyasuddin Balban, who was also known as Ulugh Khan, served as Naib or regent to Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud.
  • According to Balban the Sultan was God’s shadow on earth and the recipient of divine grace.
  • Balban introduced rigorous court discipline and new customs such as prostration and kissing the Sultan’s feet to prove his superiority over the nobles.
  • He also introduced the Persian festival of Nauroz to impress the nobles and people with his wealth and power.

Lord Dalhousie was appointed as the governor-general of India in the year 1848 (12 January). His governor generalship lasted till 1856.