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Why did India lag behind Europe in 18th-19th centuries?1) Indian industry did not make any new advances during this period.
2) Self-sufficient nature of village economy.
3) Neglect of overseas trade and navy.
4) Lack of talent in Indians.
5) Focus of Indian on spiritualism rather than science.Select the correct answer using the codes below:- a)1, 2 and 3 only
- b)1 and 3 only
- c)1 only
- d)4 and 5 only
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Why did India lag behind Europe in 18th-19th centuries?
1) Indian industry did not make any new advances during this period.
2) Self-sufficient nature of village economy.
3) Neglect of overseas trade and navy.
4) Lack of talent in Indians.
5) Focus of Indian on spiritualism rather than science.
2) Self-sufficient nature of village economy.
3) Neglect of overseas trade and navy.
4) Lack of talent in Indians.
5) Focus of Indian on spiritualism rather than science.
Select the correct answer using the codes below:
a)
1, 2 and 3 only
b)
1 and 3 only
c)
1 only
d)
4 and 5 only
|
Rahul Desai answered |
1. During Mughal times, Indian industry was quite advance by contemporary world standards. But unlike Europe at this time, Indian industry did not make any new advances in science and technology.
2. Growth of trade was hampered by self-sufficient village economies.
3. Land was considered source of wealth and power, and so trade and navy were neglected.
4. Indians never lacked talent and focus on science, as proved by glorious history of India, which is full of scientific innovations.
2. Growth of trade was hampered by self-sufficient village economies.
3. Land was considered source of wealth and power, and so trade and navy were neglected.
4. Indians never lacked talent and focus on science, as proved by glorious history of India, which is full of scientific innovations.
Which of the following was not one of the regional kingdoms that emerged in 18th century?- a)Bengal
- b)Awadh
- c)Kabul
- d)Hyderabad
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following was not one of the regional kingdoms that emerged in 18th century?
a)
Bengal
b)
Awadh
c)
Kabul
d)
Hyderabad
|
|
Rahul Desai answered |
1. After decline of Mughal power in first half of 18th century, Indian political map was dotted with numerous regional kingdoms – Awadh, Bengal, Hyderabad, Mysore, Maratha, were prominent among them.
2. Kabul was lost to Iran and then to Afghans when during attacks of Nadir Shah and Ahmad Shah Abdali between 1739 and 1767.
2. Kabul was lost to Iran and then to Afghans when during attacks of Nadir Shah and Ahmad Shah Abdali between 1739 and 1767.
Khalisa lands were- a)Barren lands
- b)Land belonging to enemy country
- c)Very productive land
- d)Land under direct control of Crown
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Khalisa lands were
a)
Barren lands
b)
Land belonging to enemy country
c)
Very productive land
d)
Land under direct control of Crown
|
|
Rahul Desai answered |
1. During medieval times, lands were divided into Khalisa and jagir or iqta lands.
2. Revenue collected from Khalisa lands was directly deposited into the Central treasury (Delhi in case of Mughals or Delhi Sultanate). Revenue was collected by agents of Emperor / Sultan in these lands.
3. Responsibility of revenue collection in Jagir or Iqta lands was given to Jagirdar (Mughals) or Iqtedar (Sultanate) respectively. Only a part of revenue collection from these lands went to the central treasury, rest was used for administration of these Jagirs and Iqtas.
2. Revenue collected from Khalisa lands was directly deposited into the Central treasury (Delhi in case of Mughals or Delhi Sultanate). Revenue was collected by agents of Emperor / Sultan in these lands.
3. Responsibility of revenue collection in Jagir or Iqta lands was given to Jagirdar (Mughals) or Iqtedar (Sultanate) respectively. Only a part of revenue collection from these lands went to the central treasury, rest was used for administration of these Jagirs and Iqtas.
Which of the following statements are correct about Bahadur Shah, successor of Aurangzeb?1) He was very intolerant towards Hindu chiefs and rajas.
2) He made peace with the tenth Sikh Guru – Guru Gobind Singh.Select the correct answer using the codes below:- a)1 only
- b)2 only
- c)Both 1 and 2
- d)Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following statements are correct about Bahadur Shah, successor of Aurangzeb?
1) He was very intolerant towards Hindu chiefs and rajas.
2) He made peace with the tenth Sikh Guru – Guru Gobind Singh.
2) He made peace with the tenth Sikh Guru – Guru Gobind Singh.
Select the correct answer using the codes below:
a)
1 only
b)
2 only
c)
Both 1 and 2
d)
Neither 1 nor 2
|
Jayant Mishra answered |
b) 2 only. Bahadur Shah, also known as Bahadur Shah I, was the Mughal Emperor of India from 1707 to 1712. He was the successor of Aurangzeb and the son of Emperor Aurangzeb's son, Prince Muhammad Azam Shah.
Statement 1 is incorrect. There is no evidence to suggest that Bahadur Shah was particularly intolerant towards Hindu chiefs and rajas. In fact, Bahadur Shah is known for his efforts to promote religious tolerance and harmony during his reign.
Statement 2 is correct. Bahadur Shah did make peace with Guru Gobind Singh, the tenth Sikh Guru, in 1707. The two leaders signed a treaty known as the Treaty of Lahore, which recognized the autonomy of the Sikh community and ended hostilities between the Mughal Empire and the Sikhs.
Therefore, the correct answer is (b) 2 only.
Which of the following statements is / are correct regarding economic situation of India during 18th century?1) Revenue from agriculture was on decline.
2) Regional states of Awadh and Hyderabad became centers of Industrialization.Select the correct answer using the codes below:- a)1 only
- b)2 only
- c)Both 1 and 2
- d)Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following statements is / are correct regarding economic situation of India during 18th century?
1) Revenue from agriculture was on decline.
2) Regional states of Awadh and Hyderabad became centers of Industrialization.
2) Regional states of Awadh and Hyderabad became centers of Industrialization.
Select the correct answer using the codes below:
a)
1 only
b)
2 only
c)
Both 1 and 2
d)
Neither 1 nor 2
|
|
Rahul Desai answered |
1. While the number of Zamindars and Jagirdars (landlords) was on increase, incomes from agriculture was on decline due to neglect of land.
2. States of Awadh and Hyderabad emerged as centers of Culture and not industrialization.
2. States of Awadh and Hyderabad emerged as centers of Culture and not industrialization.
In Mughal administration the practice of ijarah was- a)Land revenue was taken on the basis of quality of land
- b)Appointment of hereditary military officers
- c)Farming the land revenue to the highest bidder
- d)Reserving the best lands for King’s own treasury
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
In Mughal administration the practice of ijarah was
a)
Land revenue was taken on the basis of quality of land
b)
Appointment of hereditary military officers
c)
Farming the land revenue to the highest bidder
d)
Reserving the best lands for King’s own treasury
|
Kunal Basu answered |
C) Farming the land revenue to the highest bidder
Which of the following were causes of downfall of Mughal Empire?1) Narrow religious policies of Aurangzeb
2) Alliance with Rajpoots
3) Rise of Marathas
4) Infighting among noblesSelect the correct answer using the codes below:- a)1, 2 and 3 only
- b)1, 3 and 4 only
- c)2 and 3 only
- d)1, 2, 3 and 4
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following were causes of downfall of Mughal Empire?
1) Narrow religious policies of Aurangzeb
2) Alliance with Rajpoots
3) Rise of Marathas
4) Infighting among nobles
2) Alliance with Rajpoots
3) Rise of Marathas
4) Infighting among nobles
Select the correct answer using the codes below:
a)
1, 2 and 3 only
b)
1, 3 and 4 only
c)
2 and 3 only
d)
1, 2, 3 and 4
|
Dev Sahdev answered |
1.3 and4 only
The famous Koh-i-nur / Kohinoor diamond was taken away from India in 18th century, during invasion of Delhi by- a)Ahmad Shah Abdali
- b)Nadir Shah
- c)Nizam-ul-Mulk
- d)Saadat Khan
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
The famous Koh-i-nur / Kohinoor diamond was taken away from India in 18th century, during invasion of Delhi by
a)
Ahmad Shah Abdali
b)
Nadir Shah
c)
Nizam-ul-Mulk
d)
Saadat Khan
|
Keerthana Sen answered |
The Koh-i-Noor Diamond and its Journey from India
The Koh-i-Noor diamond, one of the most famous and historically significant gemstones, has a long and intriguing history. It is believed to have originated in the Golconda mines of India, which were known for producing some of the world's most exceptional diamonds. The diamond changed hands several times over the centuries, but its most significant journey began in the 18th century.
The Invasion of Delhi
During the 18th century, India was under the rule of the Mughal Empire. In 1739, the Persian ruler Nadir Shah invaded India and sacked the city of Delhi. This invasion, known as the invasion of Delhi, was a significant event in the history of the subcontinent.
Nadir Shah and the Koh-i-Noor Diamond
Nadir Shah was a shrewd and ambitious ruler who had his eyes on the wealth and treasures of India. When he captured Delhi, he laid claim to its vast riches, including the Koh-i-Noor diamond. The diamond was among the spoils of war that Nadir Shah seized from the Mughals.
The Journey of the Koh-i-Noor Diamond
After capturing the Koh-i-Noor diamond, Nadir Shah took it back to Persia, where it became a part of the Persian royal treasury. It remained in Persia for several decades, passing through the hands of different rulers.
In the early 19th century, the Persian shah, Shah Shuja Durrani, was overthrown by his half-brother, Mahmud Shah. In the chaos that ensued, the Koh-i-Noor diamond was lost. It resurfaced in 1813 when Shuja Durrani's family escaped from Afghanistan to the Punjab region of India.
The British Acquisition
In 1849, the British East India Company defeated the Sikh Empire and annexed the Punjab region. As part of the Treaty of Lahore, the British acquired the Koh-i-Noor diamond from the young Maharaja Duleep Singh, the last ruler of the Sikh Empire. The diamond was then presented to Queen Victoria.
Controversy and Legacy
The Koh-i-Noor diamond has been a subject of controversy and dispute between India and Britain. Many Indians believe that the diamond was unjustly taken from India and should be returned. However, the British government has maintained that the diamond was obtained legally and is now a part of the British Crown Jewels.
In conclusion
The Koh-i-Noor diamond was taken from India during the invasion of Delhi by Nadir Shah in the 18th century. It then went through a series of ownership changes, ultimately ending up in the possession of the British East India Company and later the British Crown. The diamond's journey is a testament to the complex and intertwined history of India, Persia, and Britain.
The Koh-i-Noor diamond, one of the most famous and historically significant gemstones, has a long and intriguing history. It is believed to have originated in the Golconda mines of India, which were known for producing some of the world's most exceptional diamonds. The diamond changed hands several times over the centuries, but its most significant journey began in the 18th century.
The Invasion of Delhi
During the 18th century, India was under the rule of the Mughal Empire. In 1739, the Persian ruler Nadir Shah invaded India and sacked the city of Delhi. This invasion, known as the invasion of Delhi, was a significant event in the history of the subcontinent.
Nadir Shah and the Koh-i-Noor Diamond
Nadir Shah was a shrewd and ambitious ruler who had his eyes on the wealth and treasures of India. When he captured Delhi, he laid claim to its vast riches, including the Koh-i-Noor diamond. The diamond was among the spoils of war that Nadir Shah seized from the Mughals.
The Journey of the Koh-i-Noor Diamond
After capturing the Koh-i-Noor diamond, Nadir Shah took it back to Persia, where it became a part of the Persian royal treasury. It remained in Persia for several decades, passing through the hands of different rulers.
In the early 19th century, the Persian shah, Shah Shuja Durrani, was overthrown by his half-brother, Mahmud Shah. In the chaos that ensued, the Koh-i-Noor diamond was lost. It resurfaced in 1813 when Shuja Durrani's family escaped from Afghanistan to the Punjab region of India.
The British Acquisition
In 1849, the British East India Company defeated the Sikh Empire and annexed the Punjab region. As part of the Treaty of Lahore, the British acquired the Koh-i-Noor diamond from the young Maharaja Duleep Singh, the last ruler of the Sikh Empire. The diamond was then presented to Queen Victoria.
Controversy and Legacy
The Koh-i-Noor diamond has been a subject of controversy and dispute between India and Britain. Many Indians believe that the diamond was unjustly taken from India and should be returned. However, the British government has maintained that the diamond was obtained legally and is now a part of the British Crown Jewels.
In conclusion
The Koh-i-Noor diamond was taken from India during the invasion of Delhi by Nadir Shah in the 18th century. It then went through a series of ownership changes, ultimately ending up in the possession of the British East India Company and later the British Crown. The diamond's journey is a testament to the complex and intertwined history of India, Persia, and Britain.
Who was the Mughal Emperor when Marathas were defeated by Afghans led by Ahmad Shah Abdali in 1761?- a)Akbar II
- b)Shah Alam II
- c)Muhammad Shah
- d)Bahadur Shah Zafar
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Who was the Mughal Emperor when Marathas were defeated by Afghans led by Ahmad Shah Abdali in 1761?
a)
Akbar II
b)
Shah Alam II
c)
Muhammad Shah
d)
Bahadur Shah Zafar
|
|
Jaya Nair answered |
1. Reigns of latter Mughals –Muhammad Shah (1719-48), Shah Alam II (1759-1806),Akbar II (1806-37), Bahadur Shah Zafar (1837-57)
2. Shah Alam II ascended the throne in 1759, but could not see face of Delhi for long time because he lived in mortal fear of his own wazir who was present in Delhi. In 1764, he sided with Mir Qasim of Bengal and Shuja-ud-Daula of Awadh against British East India Company in Battle of Buxar, in which he was defeated and confined to Allahabad. It was Shah Alam II who officially granted Diwani (Revenue) of Bengal to British East India Company. He returned to Delhi in 1772 under protection of Marathas.
2. Shah Alam II ascended the throne in 1759, but could not see face of Delhi for long time because he lived in mortal fear of his own wazir who was present in Delhi. In 1764, he sided with Mir Qasim of Bengal and Shuja-ud-Daula of Awadh against British East India Company in Battle of Buxar, in which he was defeated and confined to Allahabad. It was Shah Alam II who officially granted Diwani (Revenue) of Bengal to British East India Company. He returned to Delhi in 1772 under protection of Marathas.
Which of the following statements is correct regarding politics in Delhi court after death of Aurangzeb in 1707?1) Nobles became very powerful, sometimes even more influential than the Mughal Emperor himself.
2) Marathas and Rajpoots were selectively favoured by the nobles.
3) Mughal Emperors became puppets of their own nobles, who in turn became the Kingmakers.Select the correct answer using the codes below:- a)1 only
- b)1 and 3 only
- c)2 and 3 only
- d)1, 2 and 3
Correct answer is option 'D'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following statements is correct regarding politics in Delhi court after death of Aurangzeb in 1707?
1) Nobles became very powerful, sometimes even more influential than the Mughal Emperor himself.
2) Marathas and Rajpoots were selectively favoured by the nobles.
3) Mughal Emperors became puppets of their own nobles, who in turn became the Kingmakers.
2) Marathas and Rajpoots were selectively favoured by the nobles.
3) Mughal Emperors became puppets of their own nobles, who in turn became the Kingmakers.
Select the correct answer using the codes below:
a)
1 only
b)
1 and 3 only
c)
2 and 3 only
d)
1, 2 and 3
|
Anisha Singh answered |
Statement 1: Nobles became very powerful, sometimes even more influential than the Mughal Emperor himself.
After the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, the Mughal Empire started to decline and the power dynamics within the court underwent significant changes. The nobles, also known as the Mansabdars, played an increasingly important role in the political landscape. They were appointed by the emperor to various administrative and military positions and held significant power and influence.
With the decline of the Mughal Empire, the nobles found themselves in a position to exert more authority and control. They often became powerful regional rulers and were able to amass wealth and resources. In some cases, they even became more influential than the Mughal Emperor himself. This was particularly evident during the later years of the Mughal Empire when weak emperors were often manipulated and controlled by the nobles.
Statement 2: Marathas and Rajpoots were selectively favoured by the nobles.
During this period, the nobles started to align themselves with different regional powers, including the Marathas and Rajputs. These groups were selectively favored by the nobles due to their military strength and political influence.
The Marathas, under the leadership of Shivaji and later his successors, had established a powerful kingdom in western India. They had a strong military and were known for their guerrilla warfare tactics. The nobles saw the Marathas as potential allies and often supported their cause in order to strengthen their own position.
Similarly, the Rajputs were a prominent warrior caste in North India. They had a long history of military prowess and were known for their loyalty to the Mughal Empire. The nobles often favored the Rajputs due to their military capabilities and their strategic location in the northern regions of the empire.
Statement 3: Mughal Emperors became puppets of their own nobles, who in turn became the Kingmakers.
As the power of the nobles increased, the Mughal emperors started to become puppets in the hands of their own nobles. Weak emperors were easily manipulated and controlled by the powerful nobles who sought to further their own interests. The nobles often played a key role in the selection and installation of emperors, effectively becoming the kingmakers of the Mughal Empire.
The decline of the Mughal Empire and the increasing power of the nobles led to a shift in the power dynamics within the court. The nobles became more influential, selectively favored certain regional powers, and even controlled the emperor. This marked a significant change in the political landscape of Delhi court after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707.
Therefore, all three statements are correct.
After the death of Aurangzeb in 1707, the Mughal Empire started to decline and the power dynamics within the court underwent significant changes. The nobles, also known as the Mansabdars, played an increasingly important role in the political landscape. They were appointed by the emperor to various administrative and military positions and held significant power and influence.
With the decline of the Mughal Empire, the nobles found themselves in a position to exert more authority and control. They often became powerful regional rulers and were able to amass wealth and resources. In some cases, they even became more influential than the Mughal Emperor himself. This was particularly evident during the later years of the Mughal Empire when weak emperors were often manipulated and controlled by the nobles.
Statement 2: Marathas and Rajpoots were selectively favoured by the nobles.
During this period, the nobles started to align themselves with different regional powers, including the Marathas and Rajputs. These groups were selectively favored by the nobles due to their military strength and political influence.
The Marathas, under the leadership of Shivaji and later his successors, had established a powerful kingdom in western India. They had a strong military and were known for their guerrilla warfare tactics. The nobles saw the Marathas as potential allies and often supported their cause in order to strengthen their own position.
Similarly, the Rajputs were a prominent warrior caste in North India. They had a long history of military prowess and were known for their loyalty to the Mughal Empire. The nobles often favored the Rajputs due to their military capabilities and their strategic location in the northern regions of the empire.
Statement 3: Mughal Emperors became puppets of their own nobles, who in turn became the Kingmakers.
As the power of the nobles increased, the Mughal emperors started to become puppets in the hands of their own nobles. Weak emperors were easily manipulated and controlled by the powerful nobles who sought to further their own interests. The nobles often played a key role in the selection and installation of emperors, effectively becoming the kingmakers of the Mughal Empire.
The decline of the Mughal Empire and the increasing power of the nobles led to a shift in the power dynamics within the court. The nobles became more influential, selectively favored certain regional powers, and even controlled the emperor. This marked a significant change in the political landscape of Delhi court after the death of Aurangzeb in 1707.
Therefore, all three statements are correct.
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