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All questions of Inductive & Deductive Reasoning for UGC NET Exam
What is the main characteristic of abductive reasoning?- a) It starts with a hypothesis and tests it through experimentation.
- b) It begins with a set of facts and infers the best explanation.
- c) It relies solely on established theories to draw conclusions.
- d) It is primarily used in deductive reasoning processes.
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
What is the main characteristic of abductive reasoning?
a)
It starts with a hypothesis and tests it through experimentation.
b)
It begins with a set of facts and infers the best explanation.
c)
It relies solely on established theories to draw conclusions.
d)
It is primarily used in deductive reasoning processes.
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Academia Elite answered |
Abductive reasoning involves starting with a set of accepted facts and then inferring the most likely or best explanations from those facts. It's a method of reasoning that aims to choose a hypothesis that would best explain the available evidence.
How does abductive reasoning differ from inductive reasoning?- a) Abductive reasoning starts with specific observations to form a general rule.
- b) Inductive reasoning begins with a hypothesis to predict specific observations.
- c) Abductive reasoning begins with a hypothesis to explain specific observations.
- d) Inductive reasoning involves inferring the best explanation from a set of facts.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
How does abductive reasoning differ from inductive reasoning?
a)
Abductive reasoning starts with specific observations to form a general rule.
b)
Inductive reasoning begins with a hypothesis to predict specific observations.
c)
Abductive reasoning begins with a hypothesis to explain specific observations.
d)
Inductive reasoning involves inferring the best explanation from a set of facts.
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Megha Iyer answered |
Understanding Abductive Reasoning
Abductive reasoning is a logical process that starts with observations and seeks to find the most likely explanation for those observations. It is often used when we have incomplete information and need to form a hypothesis that best accounts for the available data.
Understanding Inductive Reasoning
Inductive reasoning, on the other hand, involves forming general conclusions based on specific instances or observations. It moves from the particular to the general, making broad generalizations based on limited data.
Why 'C' is Correct
The correct answer, option 'C', states that abductive reasoning begins with a hypothesis to explain specific observations. This is accurate because:
In conclusion, while both reasoning types analyze observations, abductive reasoning uniquely emphasizes creating hypotheses to explain those observations, distinguishing it from inductive reasoning.
Abductive reasoning is a logical process that starts with observations and seeks to find the most likely explanation for those observations. It is often used when we have incomplete information and need to form a hypothesis that best accounts for the available data.
- Begins with specific observations.
- Seeks the best possible explanation.
- Often involves guessing or hypothesizing based on the evidence at hand.
Understanding Inductive Reasoning
Inductive reasoning, on the other hand, involves forming general conclusions based on specific instances or observations. It moves from the particular to the general, making broad generalizations based on limited data.
- Starts with specific observations to form general rules.
- Involves predicting future occurrences based on past experiences.
- Conclusions are probable but not guaranteed.
Why 'C' is Correct
The correct answer, option 'C', states that abductive reasoning begins with a hypothesis to explain specific observations. This is accurate because:
- Abductive reasoning is focused on finding the best explanation for the observations.
- It does not simply generalize from specific instances like inductive reasoning does.
- It emphasizes formulating a hypothesis based on the observations available, which is crucial in investigative processes.
In conclusion, while both reasoning types analyze observations, abductive reasoning uniquely emphasizes creating hypotheses to explain those observations, distinguishing it from inductive reasoning.
In deductive reasoning, what is the primary purpose of using premises to arrive at a conclusion?- a)To justify the conclusion
- b)To prove the conclusion
- c)To suggest the conclusion
- d)To question the conclusion
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
In deductive reasoning, what is the primary purpose of using premises to arrive at a conclusion?
a)
To justify the conclusion
b)
To prove the conclusion
c)
To suggest the conclusion
d)
To question the conclusion
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Academia Elite answered |
In deductive reasoning, the primary purpose of using premises is to prove the conclusion. This means that the logical structure of the premises is intended to lead definitively to the truth of the conclusion. By starting with general principles and applying them to specific situations, deductive reasoning aims to show that the conclusion is absolutely true based on the logic of the premises.
What is informal reasoning primarily concerned with?- a) Utilizing formal logic in argumentation
- b) Analyzing and evaluating information using everyday knowledge and thinking skills
- c) Applying deductive reasoning to draw conclusions
- d) Implementing logical thought in formal settings
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
What is informal reasoning primarily concerned with?
a)
Utilizing formal logic in argumentation
b)
Analyzing and evaluating information using everyday knowledge and thinking skills
c)
Applying deductive reasoning to draw conclusions
d)
Implementing logical thought in formal settings
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Academia Elite answered |
Informal reasoning involves the use of logical thought outside formal settings by applying everyday knowledge and thinking skills to analyze and evaluate information. It allows individuals to make sense of various forms of communication encountered daily, such as those on social media, television, or websites.
How is the strength of an inductive argument typically evaluated?- a) By assessing the number of premises provided
- b) By determining the complexity of the conclusion
- c) By evaluating whether the conclusion is a probable explanation for the premises
- d) By analyzing the logical structure of the argument
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
How is the strength of an inductive argument typically evaluated?
a)
By assessing the number of premises provided
b)
By determining the complexity of the conclusion
c)
By evaluating whether the conclusion is a probable explanation for the premises
d)
By analyzing the logical structure of the argument
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Academia Elite answered |
The strength of an inductive argument is usually determined by assessing whether the conclusion is a probable explanation for the premises provided. A strong inductive argument implies that the conclusion is highly likely given the premises, while a weak argument suggests that the conclusion is less probable or does not follow logically from the premises.
Which of the following is an accurate characteristic of deductive reasoning?- a)It always leads to true conclusions.
- b)It relies solely on empirical evidence.
- c)It uses premises to suggest possible conclusions.
- d)It is based on probabilities and likelihoods.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following is an accurate characteristic of deductive reasoning?
a)
It always leads to true conclusions.
b)
It relies solely on empirical evidence.
c)
It uses premises to suggest possible conclusions.
d)
It is based on probabilities and likelihoods.
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Academia Elite answered |
One accurate characteristic of deductive reasoning is that it always leads to true conclusions. When deductive reasoning is correctly applied, the conclusion is guaranteed to be true if the premises are true. This distinguishes it from inductive reasoning, which deals with probabilities and generalizations rather than certainties.
Which of the following best describes the concept of a syllogism in deductive reasoning?- a)A statement that contradicts the premises
- b)A logical argument with two premises supporting a conclusion
- c)A statement that weakens the conclusion
- d)A premise that is not related to the conclusion
Correct answer is option 'B'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following best describes the concept of a syllogism in deductive reasoning?
a)
A statement that contradicts the premises
b)
A logical argument with two premises supporting a conclusion
c)
A statement that weakens the conclusion
d)
A premise that is not related to the conclusion
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Academia Elite answered |
A syllogism in deductive reasoning is a logical argument that consists of two premises that support a conclusion. It is a fundamental structure in deductive logic where the premises, when combined, logically lead to the conclusion. Syllogisms help in demonstrating how specific conclusions are derived from general principles or premises.
How does deductive reasoning differ from inductive reasoning?- a)Deductive reasoning involves moving from specific observations to broad generalizations, while inductive reasoning moves from general principles to specific instances.
- b)Deductive reasoning relies on probabilities and likelihoods, while inductive reasoning always leads to true conclusions.
- c)Deductive reasoning is based on specific premises leading to a specific conclusion, while inductive reasoning deals with patterns and trends.
- d)Deductive reasoning is subjective, while inductive reasoning is objective.
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
How does deductive reasoning differ from inductive reasoning?
a)
Deductive reasoning involves moving from specific observations to broad generalizations, while inductive reasoning moves from general principles to specific instances.
b)
Deductive reasoning relies on probabilities and likelihoods, while inductive reasoning always leads to true conclusions.
c)
Deductive reasoning is based on specific premises leading to a specific conclusion, while inductive reasoning deals with patterns and trends.
d)
Deductive reasoning is subjective, while inductive reasoning is objective.
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Academia Elite answered |
Deductive reasoning differs from inductive reasoning in that deductive reasoning starts with specific premises that lead to a specific conclusion, whereas inductive reasoning observes patterns or trends to form general principles. Deductive reasoning aims for a certain conclusion based on the given premises, while inductive reasoning aims to generalize from specific observations to broader principles.
What is the fundamental difference between inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning?- a) Inductive reasoning starts with specific observations to reach a comprehensive conclusion, while deductive reasoning employs premises to prove a conclusion.
- b) Inductive reasoning begins with a general premise to reach a specific conclusion, while deductive reasoning uses specific observations to make a broad conclusion.
- c) Inductive reasoning aims to prove a conclusion, while deductive reasoning is intended to predict a conclusion.
- d) Inductive reasoning always leads to a definite answer, while deductive reasoning provides a probable explanation.
Correct answer is option 'A'. Can you explain this answer?
What is the fundamental difference between inductive reasoning and deductive reasoning?
a)
Inductive reasoning starts with specific observations to reach a comprehensive conclusion, while deductive reasoning employs premises to prove a conclusion.
b)
Inductive reasoning begins with a general premise to reach a specific conclusion, while deductive reasoning uses specific observations to make a broad conclusion.
c)
Inductive reasoning aims to prove a conclusion, while deductive reasoning is intended to predict a conclusion.
d)
Inductive reasoning always leads to a definite answer, while deductive reasoning provides a probable explanation.
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Academia Elite answered |
Inductive reasoning utilizes a set of specific observations to arrive at a comprehensive conclusion, contrasting with deductive reasoning, which starts with broader premises to prove a specific conclusion. Inductive reasoning is focused on making predictions, creating generalizations, and analyzing cause and effect based on the likelihood that the conclusion fits the premises. On the other hand, deductive reasoning aims to demonstrate that the conclusion necessarily follows from the given premises.
Which of the following best illustrates the purpose of deductive reasoning?
- a)To provide evidence for the premises
- b)To offer multiple possible conclusions
- c)To derive a specific conclusion from general principles
- d)To evaluate the likelihood of different outcomes
Correct answer is option 'C'. Can you explain this answer?
Which of the following best illustrates the purpose of deductive reasoning?
a)
To provide evidence for the premises
b)
To offer multiple possible conclusions
c)
To derive a specific conclusion from general principles
d)
To evaluate the likelihood of different outcomes
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Academia Elite answered |
The primary purpose of deductive reasoning is to derive a specific conclusion from general principles. This involves starting with broad, universally accepted premises and applying logical steps to arrive at a definitive conclusion. If the premises are true and the reasoning is valid, the conclusion must also be true, demonstrating the logical certainty that deductive reasoning aims to achieve.
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Logical Reasoning for UGC NET
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